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Dzina la mankhwala: benzyl chloride

Dzina lachingerezi: Benzyl chloride

CAS No.100-44-7

Benzyl chloride, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti benzyl chloride ndi toluene chloride, ndi madzi opanda mtundu komanso fungo lamphamvu. Imasakanikirana ndi zosungunulira organic monga chloroform, ethanol, ndi ether. Sisungunuka m'madzi koma imatha kusanduka nthunzi ndi nthunzi wamadzi. Nthunzi yake imakwiyitsa ku mucous nembanemba m'maso ndipo ndi mphamvu yotulutsa misozi. Nthawi yomweyo, benzyl chloride ndi yapakatikati pakupanga organic ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga utoto, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, zonunkhira, zotsukira, zopangira pulasitiki, ndi mankhwala.

Pali njira zambiri zopangira benzyl chloride, makamaka kuphatikiza njira ya benzyl mowa chlorination, njira ya chloromethyl, toluene catalytic chlorination njira, etc. Pakati pawo, njira ya benzyl mowa chlorination imapezeka ndi zomwe benzyl mowa ndi hydrochloric acid. Ndi njira yoyamba yopangira benzyl chloride. Njira ya chloromethyl ndiyonso njira yoyambira mafakitale. Zida zake ndi benzene ndi benzaldehyde (kapena trimerformaldehyde). Anhydrous zinc chloride amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira. The catalytic chlorination wa toluene panopa ambiri mafakitale kupanga njira ya benzyl kolorayidi, ndipo chothandizira chlorination toluene akhoza kugawidwa mu photocatalytic chlorination ndi otsika kutentha chothandizira chlorination. Komabe, njira ya photocatalytic chlorination imafuna kuyika kwa gwero la kuwala mkati mwa zida, zomwe zimakhala ndi zovuta kuwongolera zomwe zimachitika, machitidwe ambiri am'mbali, komanso mtengo wokwera. Otsika kutentha chothandizira chlorination njira amagwiritsa ntchito limodzi kapena angapo dibenzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, ndi acetamide monga chothandizira kuchita toluene ndi klorini pa kutentha otsika, ntchito otsika kutentha ndi klorini Control mlingo anachita kusintha kutembenuka mlingo ndi selectivity, koma zinthu zenizeni. akufunikabe kufufuzidwa.

Kutentha kwa distillation kwa benzyl chloride kumachitika pa 100 ° C ndipo nthawi zambiri sikuyenera kupitirira 170 ° C. Izi zili choncho chifukwa benzyl chloride ndi chinthu chomwe sichimva kutentha. Ngati kutentha kuli kwakukulu, kudzipangira polima kumachitika. Ngati zomwe zikuchitikazo ndi zachiwawa kwambiri, padzakhala ngozi ya Kuphulika. Chifukwa chake, distillation ya benzyl chloride yaiwisi iyenera kuchitika pansi pazovuta. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, m'pofunika kulamulira zitsulo zachitsulo muzitsulo za chlorination, chifukwa benzyl chloride idzakumana ndi Krafts-Kreider pamaso pa ayoni zitsulo ndi kutentha kwakukulu, ndipo utomoni wonyezimira udzapangidwa, womwe umayambitsa. madzi ku Mtundu amakhala mdima ndipo kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa haidrojeni kolorayidi amamasulidwa.

Mapulogalamu

Benzyl chloride ndi yofunika kwambiri pakatikati. Zogulitsa mu mafakitale ndi zamadzimadzi zopanda mtundu kapena zachikasu zowoneka bwino zokhala ndi fungo lamphamvu komanso zowononga kwambiri. Itha kusungunuka mu zosungunulira organic monga ether, chloroform, ndi chlorobenzene. Benzyl chloride imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala, zokometsera, zopangira utoto, ndi zida zopangira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga ndikupanga benzaldehyde, butyl benzyl phthalate, aniline, phoxim, ndi benzyl chloride. Penicillin, benzyl mowa, phenylacetonitrile, phenylacetic acid ndi mankhwala ena.

Benzyl kloride ndi m'gulu la benzyl halide la mankhwala okhumudwitsa. Pankhani ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo, iwo sangakhoze kokha mwachindunji synthesize organophosphorus fungicides mpunga kuphulika ukonde ndi iso mpunga kuphulika ukonde, komanso angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zofunika zopangira intermediates ena ambiri, monga synthesis wa phenylacetonitrile ndi benzene. Formyl chloride, m-phenoxybenzaldehyde, etc. Kuphatikiza apo, benzyl chloride imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzamankhwala, zokometsera, zida zothandizira utoto, utomoni wopangira, ndi zina zambiri. Ndiye zotayira zamadzimadzi kapena zinyalala zopangidwa ndi mabizinesi panthawi yopanga mosalephera zimakhala ndi benzyl chloride intermediates.

Benzyl chloride yokha ndiyomwe imagwetsa misozi, yowopsa kwambiri, yoyambitsa khansa, komanso imasunga chilengedwe. Popeza benzyl chloride palokha imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito mochulukirapo, benzyl chloride imatuluka panthawi yoyendetsa kapena imapangidwa ndi opanga osiyanasiyana. Zinyalala zamadzimadzi zomwe zimakhala ndi benzyl chloride zomwe zimabweretsedwa ndi bizinesi panthawi yopanga kapena zinyalala zimatayidwa mwachindunji, kapena kutayikira kumachitika panthawi yopanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti benzyl chloride ilowe m'nthaka ndikuipitsa nthaka.

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