Mafotokozedwe Akatundu

Dzina la malonda: Benzyl chloride

Dzina la Chingerezi: Benzyl chloride

CAS Nambala 100-44-7

Benzyl chloride, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti benzyl chloride ndi toluene chloride, ndi madzi opanda mtundu omwe ali ndi fungo lamphamvu lamphamvu. Amasakanikirana ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga chloroform, ethanol, ndi ether. Sasungunuka m'madzi koma amatha kusungunuka ndi nthunzi ya madzi. Nthunzi yake imakwiyitsa nembanemba ya maso ndipo ndi chinthu champhamvu chomwe chimayambitsa misozi. Nthawi yomweyo, benzyl chloride ndi chinthu chapakati pa kapangidwe ka organic ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga utoto, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, zonunkhira zopangidwa, sopo, mapulasitiki, ndi mankhwala.

Pali njira zambiri zopangira benzyl chloride, makamaka kuphatikiza njira ya benzyl alcohol chlorination, njira ya chloromethyl, njira ya toluene catalytic chlorination, ndi zina zotero. Pakati pawo, njira ya benzyl alcohol chlorination imapezeka ndi momwe benzyl alcohol imagwirira ntchito ndi hydrochloric acid. Ndiyo njira yoyamba yopanga benzyl chloride. Njira ya chloromethyl ndi njira yoyambirira ya mafakitale. Zipangizo zake zopangira ndi benzene ndi benzaldehyde (kapena trimerformaldehyde). Anhydrous zinc chloride imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira. Kusakaniza kwa toluene ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri yopangira benzyl chloride m'mafakitale, ndipo kusakaniza kwa toluene ndi chothandizira kumatha kugawidwa m'magulu monga photocatalytic chlorination ndi low-temperature catalytic chlorination. Komabe, njira ya photocatalytic chlorination imafuna kuyika gwero la kuwala mkati mwa zida, lomwe lili ndi mawonekedwe ovuta kuwongolera momwe zinthu zimachitikira, zochitika zambiri zoyipa, komanso mtengo wokwera. Njira yochepetsera kutentha kwa chlorination imagwiritsa ntchito dibenzoyl peroxide imodzi kapena zingapo, azobisisobutyronitrile, ndi acetamide ngati chothandizira kuchitapo kanthu pa toluene ndi chlorine pa kutentha kotsika, pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kotsika ndi chlorine. Yang'anirani kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimachitika kuti muwongolere kuchuluka kwa kusintha ndi kusankha, koma mikhalidwe yeniyeni ikadali yofunika kufufuzidwa.

Kutentha kwa distillation ya benzyl chloride nthawi zambiri kumachitika pa 100°C ndipo nthawi zambiri sikuyenera kupitirira 170°C. Izi zili choncho chifukwa benzyl chloride ndi chinthu chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi kutentha. Ngati kutentha kuli kokwera kwambiri, kudzipanga polymerization kumachitika. Ngati kuchitapo kanthu kuli koopsa kwambiri, padzakhala ngozi ya Kuphulika. Chifukwa chake, distillation ya benzyl chloride yopanda kanthu iyenera kuchitika pansi pa kupsinjika koipa. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa ayoni achitsulo mu yankho la chlorination, chifukwa benzyl chloride idzakumana ndi Krafts-Kreider reaction pamaso pa ayoni achitsulo ndi kutentha kwakukulu, ndipo chinthu chotulutsa utomoni chidzapangidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madziwo ayambe kuoneka akuda ndipo mpweya wambiri wa hydrogen chloride umatulutsidwa.

Mapulogalamu

Benzyl chloride ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chachilengedwe. Chogulitsachi ndi madzi opanda mtundu kapena achikasu owala omwe ali ndi fungo loipa komanso kuwononga kwambiri. Chimatha kusungunuka mu zinthu zosungunulira zachilengedwe monga ether, chloroform, ndi chlorobenzene. Benzyl chloride imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala, zonunkhira, zodzoladzola, ndi zodzoladzola zopangidwa. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndikupanga benzaldehyde, butyl benzyl phthalate, aniline, phoxim, ndi benzyl chloride. Penicillin, benzyl alcohol, phenylacetonitrile, phenylacetic acid ndi zinthu zina.

Benzyl chloride ndi ya gulu la mankhwala okwiyitsa a benzyl halide. Ponena za mankhwala ophera tizilombo, sikuti imangopanga mwachindunji fungicides ya organophosphorus, rice blast net ndi iso rice blast net, komanso ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zinthu zofunika kwambiri pazinthu zina zambiri, monga kupanga phenylacetonitrile ndi benzene. Formyl chloride, m-phenoxybenzaldehyde, ndi zina zotero. Kuphatikiza apo, benzyl chloride imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mankhwala, zonunkhira, utoto wothandizira, ma resins opangidwa, ndi zina zotero. Ndi mankhwala ofunikira komanso mankhwala. Kenako zinyalala zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mabizinesi panthawi yopanga zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri za benzyl chloride.

Benzyl chloride yokha ndi yoyambitsa kung'ambika, yoopsa kwambiri, imayambitsa khansa, komanso imakhalabe ndi chilengedwe. Popeza benzyl chloride yokha imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito mochuluka, benzyl chloride imatuluka panthawi yonyamula kapena imapangidwa ndi opanga osiyanasiyana. Madzi otayira okhala ndi benzyl chloride omwe amabweretsedwa ndi kampani panthawi yopanga kapena zinyalala amatayidwa mwachindunji, kapena kutayikira kumachitika panthawi yopanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti benzyl chloride ilowe m'nthaka mwachindunji ndipo pamapeto pake imaipitsa nthaka.

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