Mgwirizano wa Fourth Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership womwe wakhala ukuyembekezeredwa kwa nthawi yayitali wasintha. (RCEP).

Madera onse osagwirizana adathetsedwa, kuwunikanso zolemba zonse zamalamulo kwatha, ndipo chotsatira ndikukankhira maphwando kuti asayine mwalamulo mgwirizano pa The 15th mwezi uno.

RCEP, yomwe ikuphatikizapo China, Japan, South Korea, AMEMBO khumi a Association of Southeast Asia Nations, Australia ndi New Zealand, idzapanga malo akuluakulu amalonda aulere ku Asia ndikuphimba 30 peresenti ya ndalama zonse zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi malonda. kukhalanso chimango choyamba cha malonda aulere pakati pa China, Japan ndi South Korea.

RCEP ikufuna kupanga mgwirizano wamalonda waulere pa msika umodzi podula zopinga za msonkho ndi zopanda msonkho.India idatuluka muzokambirana mu November chifukwa cha kusagwirizana pa msonkho, malonda a malonda ndi mayiko ena ndi zolepheretsa zopanda msonkho, koma otsalawo. Mayiko 15 anena kuti ayesa kusaina panganoli pofika 2020.

Fumbi likakhazikika pa RCEP, lipereka malonda akunja aku China kuwombera mkono.

Njira yopita kumakambirano yakhala yayitali komanso yovuta, India idachoka mwadzidzidzi

Mapangano a Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, RCEP), adakhazikitsidwa ndi mayiko 10 akunyanja komanso ndi China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand, India, mgwirizano waulele wachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi mayiko akunyanja kuti achite nawo limodzi, maiko okwana 16, akufuna kuchepetsa mitengo yamitengo ndi zotchinga zosagwirizana ndi msonkho, kukhazikitsa msika wogwirizana wa malonda aulere.

mgwirizano.Kuphatikiza pa kuchepetsa msonkho, kukambirana kunachitika pakupanga malamulo m'madera osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ufulu wa intellectual property, e-commerce (EC) ndi ndondomeko za kasitomu.

Kuchokera pamalingaliro akukonzekera kwa RCEP, THE RCEP idakonzedwa ndikulimbikitsidwa ndi ASEAN, pomwe China idachita gawo lalikulu pantchito yonseyi.

Pamsonkhano wa 21 wa ASEAN womwe unachitikira kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2012, mayiko a 16 adasaina ndondomeko ya RCEP ndipo adalengeza kuyambika kwa zokambirana.Pazaka zisanu ndi zitatu zotsatira, panali zokambirana zazitali komanso zovuta.

Prime Minister waku China a Li Keqiang apezeka pamsonkhano wachitatu wa Atsogoleri a RCEP ku Bangkok, Thailand, Novembara 4, 2019. kukambilana kopitilira ndi cholinga chosayina RCEP pofika chaka cha 2020. Izi zikuwonetsa gawo lofunika kwambiri la RCEP.

Komabe, kunalinso pamsonkhanowu kuti India, yemwe maganizo ake adasintha nthawi ndi nthawi, adatuluka mphindi yomaliza ndikusankha kusaina RCEP. ndi mayiko ena komanso zotchinga zomwe sizili za msonkho ngati chifukwa chomwe India adasankha kusayinira RCEP.

Nihon Keizai Shimbun adasanthula izi ndipo adati:

Pazokambirana, pali vuto lalikulu chifukwa India ili ndi vuto lalikulu lazamalonda ndi China ndipo akuwopa kuti kudulidwa kwamitengo kungakhudze mafakitale apanyumba. Chuma chikusokonekera, a Modi adayenera kuyang'ananso nkhani zapakhomo monga kusowa kwa ntchito komanso umphawi, zomwe zimadetsa nkhawa kwambiri kuposa kumasula malonda.

Prime Minister waku India Narendra Modi apita ku msonkhano wa ASEAN pa Nov 4, 2019

Poyankha izi, a Geng Shuang, omwe anali mneneri wa Unduna wa Zakunja ku China, adatsindika kuti China ilibe cholinga chofuna kugulitsa zochulukirapo ndi India komanso kuti mbali ziwirizi zitha kukulitsa malingaliro awo ndikukulitsa mgwirizano. kugwira ntchito ndi maphwando onse mu mzimu womvetsetsana komanso kukhazikika kuti apitilize kukambirana kuti athetse mavuto omwe India akukumana nawo pazokambirana, ndikulandila kuti India ayambe kulowa nawo Panganoli.

Poyang'anizana ndi kuthawa kwadzidzidzi kwa India, mayiko ena akuvutika kuti adziwe zolinga zake zenizeni.Mwachitsanzo, mayiko ena a ASEAN, atatopa ndi maganizo a India, adapempha mgwirizano wa "kupatula India" ngati njira yothetsera zokambiranazo. choyamba, limbikitsani malonda mkati mwa dera ndikukolola "zotsatira" mwamsanga.

Japan, kumbali ina, yatsindika mobwerezabwereza kufunika kwa India muzokambirana za RCEP, kusonyeza maganizo a "osati popanda India". India atha kutenga nawo gawo mu "lingaliro laulere komanso lotseguka la Indo-Pacific" lomwe lidaperekedwa ndi Japan ndi United States ngati njira yazachuma komanso kazembe, yomwe idakwaniritsa cholinga "chokhala" China.

Tsopano, ndi RCEP yosainidwa ndi mayiko 15, Japan yavomereza mfundo yakuti India sidzalowa nawo.

Idzakulitsa kukula kwa GDP, ndipo kufunikira kwa RCEP kwakhala kofunika kwambiri polimbana ndi mliriwu.

Kwa dera lonse la Asia-Pacific, RCEP ikuyimira mwayi waukulu wamalonda. Zhang Jianping, mkulu wa Research Center for Regional Economic Cooperation pansi pa Unduna wa Zamalonda, adanena kuti RCEP idzaphimba misika ikuluikulu iwiri yapadziko lonse ndi kukula kwakukulu. , Msika wa China wokhala ndi anthu 1.4 biliyoni ndi msika wa asean ndi anthu oposa 600 miliyoni. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chuma ichi cha 15, monga injini zofunika za kukula kwachuma m'dera la Asia-Pacific, ndizonso zofunikira za kukula kwa dziko.

Zhang Jianping adanenanso kuti mgwirizanowo ukadzakwaniritsidwa, kufunika kwa malonda ogwirizana m'derali kudzakula mofulumira chifukwa cha kuchotsedwa kwakukulu kwa tariff ndi zotchinga zopanda msonkho ndi zolepheretsa ndalama, zomwe ndi zotsatira za kulenga malonda. , malonda ndi ogwirizana omwe si achigawo adzasamutsidwa pang'onopang'ono ku malonda apakati pa zigawo, zomwe ndi kusintha kwa malonda.Kumbali ya ndalama, mgwirizanowu udzabweretsanso kulenga ndalama zowonjezera.Chifukwa chake, RCEP idzalimbikitsa kukula kwa GDP ya m'dera lonse, kulenga ntchito zambiri ndi bwino kwambiri ubwino wa mayiko onse.

Mliri wapadziko lonse lapansi ukufalikira mwachangu, chuma chapadziko lonse lapansi chili pachiwopsezo, ndipo kusakondana ndi kuponderezana kwachuluka. Monga membala wofunikira wa mgwirizano wachigawo ku East Asia, China yatsogola polimbana ndi mliriwu ndikubwezeretsanso kukula kwachuma. .Motengera izi, msonkhano uyenera kutumiza zizindikiro zofunika izi:

Choyamba, tiyenera kulimbikitsa chidaliro ndi kulimbikitsa umodzi.Chidaliro ndichofunika kwambiri kuposa golidi.Kugwirizana kokha ndi mgwirizano kungateteze ndi kuthetsa mliriwu.

Chachiwiri, kulimbikitsa mgwirizano polimbana ndi COVID-19.Pamene mapiri ndi mitsinje zimatilekanitsa, timasangalala ndi kuwala kwa mwezi womwewo pansi pa thambo lomwelo.Chiyambireni mliriwu, dziko la China ndi mayiko ena a m'derali agwira ntchito limodzi ndikuthandizana. akuyenera kukulitsa mgwirizano pazaumoyo wa anthu.

Chachitatu, tidzayang'ana pa chitukuko cha zachuma.Kugwirizana kwachuma, kumasula malonda ndi mgwirizano wachigawo ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti tigwirizane ndi mliriwu, kulimbikitsa kubwezeretsa chuma ndi kukhazikika kwazinthu zogulitsira ndi mafakitale.China yakonzeka kugwira ntchito ndi mayiko a m'derali kuti apange maukonde. ya "fast track" ndi "green track" kwa ogwira ntchito ndi kusinthanitsa katundu kuti athandizire kuyambiranso ntchito ndi kupanga ndikuwongolera chuma.

Chachinayi, tikuyenera kutsatira malangizo a mgwirizano wachigawo ndikuthana bwino ndi mikangano. Maphwando onse ayenera kuthandizira mwamphamvu mayiko ambiri, kulimbikitsa pakati pa ASEAN, kumangirira mgwirizano, kusungitsa chitonthozo cha wina ndi mnzake, kupeŵa kuyambitsa kusiyana pakati pa mayiko ndi mfundo zina zofunika. , ndi kugwirira ntchito limodzi kuteteza mtendere ndi bata ku South China Sea.

RCEP ndi mgwirizano wokwanira, wamakono, wapamwamba kwambiri komanso wopindulitsa onse

Panali mawu am'munsi m'mawu am'mbuyomu a Bangkok ofotokoza mitu 20 ya mgwirizano ndi mitu ya mutu uliwonse.Kutengera izi, tikudziwa kuti RCEP idzakhala mgwirizano wamalonda waulere, wamakono, wapamwamba komanso wopindulitsa onse. .

Ndi mgwirizano wamalonda waulere.Ili ndi mitu ya 20, kuphatikizapo zofunikira za FTA, malonda a katundu, malonda a ntchito, mwayi wopeza ndalama ndi malamulo ogwirizana nawo.

Ndilo mgwirizano wamakono wamalonda waulere. Zimaphatikizapo malonda a e-commerce, ufulu waumwini, ndondomeko ya mpikisano, kugula katundu wa boma, mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati ndi zina zamakono.
Ndilo mgwirizano wapamwamba wa malonda aulere.Potengera malonda a katundu, mlingo wotseguka udzafika kuposa 90%, kuposa mayiko a WTO.Pa mbali ya ndalama, kambiranani zopezera ndalama pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko yolakwika ya mndandanda.

Ndi mgwirizano wamalonda waufulu wopindulitsa pamodzi.Izi zikuwonekera makamaka mu malonda a katundu, malonda a ntchito, malamulo oyendetsera ndalama ndi madera ena akwaniritsa zofuna zawo.makamaka, Mgwirizanowu umaphatikizansopo zofunikira pazachuma ndi luso la mgwirizano, kuphatikizapo kusintha kwapakati. Makonzedwe a mayiko omwe ali otukuka kwambiri monga Laos, Myanmar ndi Cambodia, kuphatikizapo mikhalidwe yabwino yophatikizana bwino mu mgwirizano wachuma wachigawo.