Chidule:

Dimethyl carbonate, yotchedwa DMC, ndi madzi opanda mtundu, owonekera bwino okhala ndi fungo lopweteka kutentha kwa chipinda. Kuchulukana (d204) ndi 1.0694, malo osungunuka ndi 4℃, malo owira ndi 90.3℃, ndipo malo owunikira ndi 21.7℃ (kutsegula) 16.7℃ ( Pakamwa potsekedwa), refractive index (nd2Chemicalbook0)1.3687, yoyaka, yopanda poizoni. Ikhoza kusakanikirana ndi zinthu zonse zachilengedwe monga ma alcohols, ma ketones, ndi ma esters muyeso uliwonse, ndipo imasungunuka pang'ono m'madzi. Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati methylating reagent. Poyerekeza ndi zinthu zina za methylating reagents, monga methyl iodide ndi dimethyl sulfate, dimethyl carbonate ndi yopanda poizoni komanso yosawonongeka.

Katundu wa Mankhwala

Madzi opanda mtundu komanso owonekera bwino okhala ndi fungo lopweteka. Osasungunuka m'madzi, amasungunuka mu zinthu zachilengedwe monga ethanol ndi ether.

gwiritsani ntchito

1. Mtundu watsopano wa zosungunulira zopanda poizoni ungalowe m'malo mwa toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone kapena methyl ethyl ketone ndi zosungunulira zina m'mafakitale opanga utoto ndi zomatira. Ndi mankhwala obiriwira obiriwira omwe ndi abwino kwa chilengedwe.

2. Wothandizira wabwino wa methylating, wothandizira wa carbonylating, wothandizira wa hydroxymethylating ndi wothandizira wa methoxylating. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo a antioxidants a chakudya, othandizira kuteteza zomera ndi madera ena. Ndi mankhwala opangira mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

3. Cholowa m'malo mwa mankhwala oopsa kwambiri monga phosgene, dimethyl sulfate, Chemicalbook methyl chloroformate, ndi zina zotero.

4. Kupanga polycarbonate, diphenyl carbonate, isocyanate, ndi zina zotero.

5. Mu zamankhwala, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala oletsa kutupa, mankhwala oletsa kutupa ndi ochepetsa ululu, mankhwala oteteza mavitamini, ndi mankhwala apakati a mitsempha.

6. Ponena za mankhwala ophera tizilombo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga methyl isocyanate, kenako kupanga mankhwala enaake a carbamate ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo (anisole).

7. Zowonjezera mafuta, lithiamu batire electrolyte, ndi zina zotero.

Njira yopangira imapezeka pochita zinthu ndi methyl chloroformate ndi methanol. methyl chloroformate yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu reaction imapezeka pochita zinthu ndi methanol ndi phosgene. Pokonzekera, chinthu ichi cha phosgenation chingathenso kupangidwa powonjezera methanol yochulukirapo ndikubwezeretsanso reaction popanda kupatukana kuti ipange dimethyl carbonate. Njira yomwe ili pamwambapa imatchedwa njira yachikhalidwe ya phosgene mu Chemicalbook. Njira ya transesterification imaphatikizapo transesterification reaction pakati pa ethylene carbonate kapena propylene carbonate ndi methanol kuti ipange dimethyl carbonate. Njirayi ili ndi zokolola zambiri, zida zowononga zochepa, komanso zinthu zochepa zomwe zimachitika. Komabe, gwero la zinthu zopangira limaletsedwa ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale a petrochemical ndipo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kochepa.

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