Dimethylformamide (chidule cha DMF), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti N,N-dimethylformamide, ndi choloweza m'malo mwa dimethyl ya formamide, ndipo magulu onse a methyl ali pa maatomu a N (nitrogen), ndiye dzina lake. Monga mankhwala opangira mankhwala komanso zosungunulira zabwino kwambiri, DMF imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu polyurethane, acrylic, zowonjezera chakudya, mankhwala, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, utoto, zamagetsi ndi mafakitale ena.

DMF ndi madzi opanda mtundu komanso owoneka bwino okhala ndi malo otentha kwambiri, pozizira pang'ono, kukhazikika kwamankhwala abwino komanso kutentha, ndipo amasakanikirana ndi madzi ndi zosungunulira zambiri. Ndiwosungunulira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mankhwala ndipo amatchedwa "universal solvent": DMF imagwiritsidwa ntchito Chingwe cha acrylic chomwe chimapangidwa ndi kupota kowuma kwa zosungunulira zochokera ku acrylic fiber zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a hydrophobicity, mphamvu zophimba zolimba, mawonekedwe ofewa, ndi dzanja lamphamvu kumverera; popanga chikopa chonyowa cha polyester, DMF itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chochapira ndi kuchiritsa utomoni wa polyurethane. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka zida zosiyanasiyana zowonjezera, ndipo akagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka utoto wachikopa, amatha kupanga mtundu wa yunifolomu yachikopa komanso osatha; chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yosungunuka, DMF imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosungunulira mu utoto ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka utoto wopangira utoto, womwe ungapangitse kuti chikopacho chikhale chofanana. Kudaya katundu; monga zosungunulira kusankha ntchito njira kulekana, DMF angagwiritsidwe ntchito posankha mayamwidwe zosiyanasiyana hydrocarbons ndi mpweya mpweya. Mwachitsanzo, DMF imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka ethylene kuchotsa acetylene, potero kuyeretsa ethylene. DMF ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuchotsa isoprene, piperylene, etc. kuchokera ku mpweya wotayira wa ethylene chomera kupanga kuti apange unsaturated resin; DMF itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chosungunulira chosankha pazochotsa m'munda wamafuta amafuta. Mwachitsanzo: mu machitidwe a polycarboxylic acid omwe ali ndi katundu wofanana ndipo ndi ovuta kuwalekanitsa, monga isophthalic acid ndi terephthalic acid, amatha kupatukana mosavuta ndi DMF zosungunulira m'zigawo kapena stepwise recrystallization.

Muzochita za organic, dimethylformamide sikuti imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati zosungunulira, komanso yofunika kwambiri pakatikati pakupanga organic. M'makampani opanga mankhwala, monga mankhwala opangira mankhwala apakati, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mankhwala a doxycycline, cortisone, ndi sulfonamide; m'makampani ophera tizilombo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso owopsa kwambiri komanso opanda poizoni.

Monga sing'anga amachitira kaphatikizidwe mankhwala, DMF angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati crystallization zosungunulira kuyeretsa mankhwala. Mu makampani amagetsi, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusintha mamasukidwe akayendedwe a kuchiritsa wothandizila mkuwa atavala laminates. DMF itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chosungunulira chonyamulira kupanga polymeric crystal yokhala ndi BF3 (boron trifluoride), kupanga BF3 kusintha kuchokera ku gasi kupita ku cholimba komanso chosavuta kunyamula. Monga polar (hydrophilic) aprotic solvent yokhala ndi malo otentha kwambiri, imatha kulimbikitsa makina a bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction (SN₂). Kuphatikiza apo, dimethylformamide imakhala ndi chothandizira mu hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, kutaya madzi m'thupi ndi dehydrohalogenation reaction, yomwe imachepetsa kutentha kwazomwe zimachitika ndikuwongolera chiyero cha mankhwala.

Zikuwoneka kuti DMF ndiyoyenera mutu wa "zosungunulira zonse". Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kosiyanasiyana kumeneku kudzakhala kovuta kupitirira mu nthawi yochepa.

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