Pamene nsalu yopaka utoto wobalalika itakhazikika mu matope opaka utoto ndikutsatiridwa ndikufananizidwa ndi zitsanzo zamtundu wanthawi zonse, ngati nsalu yopaka utoto imatsukidwa ndikutsukidwa, kamvekedwe kake kamasiyana pang'ono ndi chitsanzo chokhazikika, kuwongolera mtundu kungagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ntchito yakunyumba iyenera kukonzedwa. Pamene kusiyana kwa hue ndi kwakukulu, kupukuta ndi kukonzanso kuyenera kuganiziridwa

Kukonza mtundu
Kwa nsalu zokhala ndi chromatic aberration pang'ono, njira zotsatirazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito: Pamene kuchuluka kwa kutopa kumachepetsedwa ndipo utoto wambiri umakhalabe mumadzi otsalira, ukhoza kusinthidwa mwa kuwonjezera nthawi yopaka utoto kapena kuwonjezera kutentha kwa utoto. Kuzama kwa utoto kukakhala kokwera pang'ono, kusiyana kwamtundu uku kungathenso kuwongoleredwa powonjezera ma surfactants ndi kusanja.

1.1 Njira zopangira utoto
Musanayambe kukonza mthunzi, muyenera kumvetsetsa bwino za mtundu wa nsalu ya utoto ndi mtundu wa njira yothetsera utoto. Njira zotsatirazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusintha mtundu:
(1) Palibe chifukwa chochotsa chinthu chopaka utoto, ingoziziritsani utoto wa 50 ~ 70 ℃, ndikuwonjezera utoto wokonza utoto womwe wakonzedwa bwino;
Kenako tenthetsani kuti mudaye.
(2) Nsalu yakudayi imatulutsidwa mu makina opaka utoto, kenako n’kuponyedwa m’makina ena opaka utoto, kenaka n’kuikapo nsaluyo pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowiritsira utoto komanso njira yopangira utoto.

1.2 Makhalidwe a utoto wowongolera utoto
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti utoto umene umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mitundu ukhale ndi zinthu zotsatirazi: (1) Utotowo sudzakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zothirira madzi n’kuyamba kudaya pang’onopang’ono. Pamene ntchito yokonza utoto ikuchitika, kuchuluka kwa anionic surfactant yomwe ili mu utoto imakhalabe muzakumwa zoledzeretsa, ndipo utoto wocheperako wokonza utoto umapanga pang'onopang'ono utoto chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa surfactant. Chifukwa chake, utoto wokonza utoto uyenera kusankhidwa womwe sukhudzidwa mosavuta ndi ma surfactants ndipo umakhala ndi zotsatira zochepetsetsa.
(2) Utoto wokhazikika womwe sukhudzidwa mosavuta ndi hydrolysis ndi kuwonongeka kwa reductive. Utoto wokonza mitundu, ukagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza utoto wopepuka kwambiri, utotowo umasungunuka mosavuta kapena kuwola ndikuchepetsa. Choncho, utoto umene sukhudzidwa ndi zinthuzi uyenera kusankhidwa.
(3) Utoto wokhala ndi mphamvu zowongolera bwino. Ayenera kukhala ndi luso lopaka utoto wabwino kuti apeze zotsatira za utoto.
(4) Utoto wowala bwino kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa utoto womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mitundu nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuthamanga kwake kocheperako komanso kuthamanga kwamadzi ndikofunikira kwambiri, koma osati mwachangu monga kufulumira kwa kuwala. Nthawi zambiri, utoto womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza utoto umasankhidwa kuchokera kumitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira utoto woyambirira. Komabe, utotowu nthawi zina sukumana ndi zomwe tafotokozazi. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha zotsatirazi zoyenera kukonza mtundu
utoto:
CI (Dye Index): Disperse Yellow 46; Balalitsa Ofiira 06; Balitsani Ofiira 146; Kubala Violet 25; Kubala Violet 23; Dibala Blue 56.

Peeling ndi kuthiriranso

Pamene mtundu wa nsalu yopaka utoto uli wosiyana ndi chitsanzo chokhazikika, ndipo sungathe kuwongoleredwa ndi kudula kwamtundu kapena utoto wamtundu, uyenera kuvula ndi kupakidwanso utoto. Ulusi wozizira kwambiri uli ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba a crystalline. Chifukwa chake ndizosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito njira wamba kuti muchotse mtunduwo. Komabe, kupenta pang'ono kumatha kuchitika, ndipo sikuyenera kumeta kwathunthu popakanso utoto ndikukonza mtunduwo.

2.1 Gawo la wovula
Njira yochotsera iyi imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yochedwetsa ya ma surfactants kuti amavula mtundu. Ngakhale kuvulako kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, sikungawononge utoto kapena kuwononga kumverera kwa nsalu yopaka utoto. Nthawi zonse kuvula zinthu ndi: wothandiza: nonionic surfactant khumi anionic surfactant 2 ~ 4L, kutentha: 130 ℃, Q: 30 ~ 60min. Onani Table 1 kuti muchotse utoto.

2.2 Bweretsani peeling
Njira yopukutira iyi ndi yotenthetsera nsalu yopaka utoto pamphepete mwa kutentha kuti ichotse mtundu, ndiyeno gwiritsani ntchito chochepetsera kuwononga utoto wowola, ndikulekanitsa mamolekyu a utoto wovunda ku nsalu ya ulusi momwe mungathere. Kupukuta kwake ndikwabwinoko kuposa njira yopukutira pang'ono. Komabe, pali zovuta zambiri ndi njira yopeta iyi. Monga kulumikizidwanso kwa mamolekyu owonongeka ndi owonongeka a utoto; mtundu utatha kusenda udzakhala wosiyana kwambiri ndi mtundu woyambirira. Kumverera kwa manja ndi utoto wolemera wa nsalu yopaka utoto udzasintha; mabowo a utoto pa fiber adzachepa, etc.
Choncho, njira yochepetsera yochepetsera imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha kuvula kwapang'ono koyambirira sikungakonzedwe mokwanira. Njira yochepetsera mitundu ndi motere:
Wowongolera utoto (makamaka mtundu wa emulsion) 4g/L
Non (anionic) ionic pamwamba yogwira ntchito 2g/L
Koloko (35%) 4ml/L
Inshuwaransi ufa (kapena Dekuling) 4g/L
Kutentha 97 ~ 100 ℃
Nthawi 30min

2.3 Njira yochotsera oxidation
Njira yochotsera iyi imagwiritsa ntchito oxidation kuti iwononge utoto kuti iwuvule, ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino zovula kuposa njira yochepetsera. Ndondomeko yochotsera oxidation ndi motere:
Wowongolera utoto (makamaka mtundu wa emulsion) 4g/L
Formic acid (formic acid) 2ml/L
Sodium chlorite (NaCLO2) 23g/L
Chlorine stabilizer 2g/L
Kutentha 97 ~ 100 ℃
Nthawi 30min

2.4 Kudetsa kwakukulu
Njira zopaka utoto zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyikanso utoto wansaluyo, koma kuyika kwa nsalu yopaka utoto kuyenera kuyesedwabe koyambirira, ndiko kuti, ntchito yopaka utoto yachitsanzo iyenera kuchitidwa. Chifukwa ntchito yake yopaka utoto ingakhale yokulirapo kuposa isanasende.

Fotokozerani mwachidule

Pakafunika kupaka utoto kothandiza kwambiri, nsaluyo imatha kukhala oxidized ndi kusenda kaye, kenako ndikuchepetsa kupenda. Chifukwa kuchepetsa ndi kutsekemera kwa okosijeni kumapangitsa kuti nsalu yofiyidwa ikhale yovuta, yomwe imapangitsa kuti nsaluyo ikhale yovuta komanso yolimba, iyenera kuganiziridwa mozama pakupanga kwenikweni, makamaka kupukuta kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu Table 1. Kujambula kwamtundu. Poganizira kuti kufananiza kwamtundu kumatha kufika pamtundu wokhazikika, njira yowongolera yofatsa imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Ndi njira iyi yokha yomwe mawonekedwe a fiber sangawonongeke, ndipo mphamvu yong'ambika ya nsaluyo siidzagwa kwambiri.