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kampani yamakampani a mit-ivy
CEO@mit-ivy.com
Moni, uyu ndi CEO athena wochokera ku mit-ivy industry for chemical in China.
Zosakaniza: Zosakaniza za Dyestuff ndi nthambi yofunika kwambiri yamakampani opanga mankhwala abwino, ndipo kukula mwachangu kwa makampani opanga utoto kumadalira chitukuko cha zosakaniza zomwe zimagwirizana nazo.
Kupanga utoto ndi zinthu zosakaniza utoto ku China kwakhala kukukula kwambiri kuyambira m'ma 1950. Chifukwa cha mpikisano waukulu pamsika, zinthu zosakaniza utoto ndi zinthu zosakaniza utoto zapangidwa mwatsopano muukadaulo wopanga; apanga zinthu zatsopano m'mbali zingapo monga kupanga mitundu yatsopano, kukonza njira zopangira, kufufuza njira zatsopano, kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yakale, kuteteza chilengedwe, ndi zina zotero, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo woyera popanga utoto ndi zinthu zosakaniza utoto.
1
Kukula kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapakati

Ndipotu, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira zinthu zosakaniza ndi zinthu zambiri, njira ina yogwiritsira ntchito njira zopangira zinthu zosakaniza utoto yotchedwa njira zopangira zinthu zosakaniza utoto, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala ndi njira zophera tizilombo zotchedwa njira zopangira zinthu zosakaniza mankhwala. Njira zosakaniza ziyenera kuonedwa ngati nthambi ya makampani opanga mankhwala abwino kwambiri, siziyenera kugawidwa mokhazikika m'magulu a njira zopangira zinthu zosakaniza utoto, njira zophera tizilombo, njira zopangira zinthu zosakaniza mankhwala malinga ndi makampani, zomwe zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zosakaniza utoto ndikukhudza chitukuko chawo.

Kafukufuku wa mankhwala osakaniza bwino amadziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuwonjezera pa mitundu yochepa ya sikelo yopangira ndi yayikulu kwambiri, mitundu yambiri ya matani si yayikulu kwambiri, koma njira yokonzekera nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta, yomwe imaphatikizapo machitidwe ambiri a mayunitsi ndi njira yolekanitsira, kupanga kunapanganso "zinyalala zitatu" zomwe ziyenera kusamalidwa bwino. Chifukwa chake, tiyenera kuchita kafukufuku wazinthu zotsatizana ndikukonzekera kupanga zinthu zosakaniza moyenera kuti tipeze phindu labwino.

Kuchokera kumayiko akunja, kafukufuku ndi kupanga zinthu zapakati nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhazikika bwino kuti zikwaniritse kupanga zinthu zingapo, zida zopangira zimatha kupanga mitundu ingapo mpaka khumi ndi iwiri ya zinthu zapakati, kafukufuku wotere ndi kupanga kudzera mu chitukuko chonse, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo watsopano ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kudzakwaniritsa zotsatira zake kawiri ndi theka la khama. Mkhalidwe wa Japan ukhoza kukhala woti tiganizire, kupanga koyambirira kwa zinthu zapakati ku Japan nakonso kwafalikira kwambiri, kuyambira m'ma 1960 kwakhala kokwanira kasanu ndi kawiri kuti kukonzedwe, kuyang'ana kwambiri.

Kudzera mu kusintha ndi chitukuko, makampani opanga utoto ndi utoto ku China afika pamlingo wapamwamba pankhani ya kukula kwa kupanga, ukadaulo ndi zida, zomwe sizingokwaniritsa zosowa za chitukuko cha makampani opanga utoto ndi utoto m'dziko, komanso zimaperekanso zinthu zabwino kwambiri kwa mayiko akunja.

Zipangizo zofunikira popanga zinthu zosakaniza zimapezeka makamaka kuchokera ku zinthu zopangidwa ndi mafuta ndi mankhwala opangira makemikolo, zomwe zambiri ndi benzene, naphthalene, anthraquinone, komanso mankhwala ena a heterocyclic, ndipo utoto wachilengedwe wopangidwa ndi zinthu zosakaniza za heterocyclic ukuwonjezeka m'zaka zaposachedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, phenanthrene, pyridine, oxygen fluorene, quinoline, indole, carbazole, biphenyl series of compounds, zinthu zovuta izi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga utoto, ndiye kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangira kudzakhala kofala komanso kofala.
2
Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakati pa anthu olankhulana

Kukonza zipangizo zopangira utoto (mtundu) pakati pa zochita za mankhwala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi motere.
(1) kuchitapo kanthu kwa sulfonation
(2) Kuyankha kwa nitration
(3) kachitidwe ka halogenation
(4) Kuchepetsa kwa zochita pokonzekera amino
(5) Diazotization reaction (nthawi zambiri imayenderana ndi coupling reaction)
(6) alkali fusion reaction kuti ilowe m'malo mwa gulu la sulfonic acid kukhala hydroxyl
(7) Kuyankha kwa Acylation
(8) Kuchuluka kwa okosijeni m'thupi
(9) kuzizira ndi kusungunuka kwa mpweya m'thupi
(10) Kuyankha kwa kununkhira (makamaka amino)
(11) kusinthana kwa magulu a hydroxyl ndi amino
(12) hydroxyl kapena amino hydrocarbonation reaction
Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka mphete yayikulu ya mankhwala onunkhira, zinthuzi zitha kugawidwa m'magulu monga aliphatic system, benzene system, naphthalene system, anthraquinone system, heterocyclic system ndi thick ring system. Dziko lathu limatha kupanga mitundu yoposa 400 ya zinthuzi monga benzene, naphthalene, anthraquinone, heterocyclic ndi zina zopaka utoto ndi utoto, zomwe zimatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za makampani opanga utoto ndi utoto.
Chithunzi
3
Mitundu yayikulu ya benzene system

2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, o-nitrochlorobenzene, p-nitrochlorobenzene, p-nitrophenol, N,N-dimethylaniline, p-aminoanisole, p-nitroaniline, o-toluidine, 2-bromo-6-chloro-p-nitroaniline, N-ethylaniline, m-hydroxy-diethylaniline, 2,4-dinitro-6-bromoaniline, om-phenylenediamine, 3,3-dichlorobenzidine, bianisidine, p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, o- ndi p-aminoanisole, DSD N-methyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-m-toluidine, N,N-dimethyl-m-toluidine, N,N-diethyl-m-toluidine, N-methyl-hydroxyethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-hydroxyethyl-m-toluidine, N-methyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine. m-toluidine, N-ethyl cyanoethyl m-toluidine, N-methylphenyl m-toluidine, p-toluidine, ethoxyaniline, 2-4-dimethylaniline, 4-chloro-3-aminobenzamide, 4-methyl-3-aminobenzamide, 4-methoxy-3-aminobenzanilide, 4-methoxy-3-amino-N,N-diethylbenzenesulfonamide, 2,4,5-trichloroaniline, m- ndi para-esters, ndi zina zotero.
4
Mitundu ikuluikulu yapakati yokhala ndi Naphthalene

2-naphthol, H-acid, K-acid, 2,3-acid, 2,6-acid, tartaric acid, 6-nitro-1,2,4-acid oxygenate, J-acid, peri-acid, γ-acid, G-salt, R-salt, amino K-acid, 2-naphthylamine-1,5-disulfonic acid, 1-naphthol-5-sulfonic acid, 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2R-acid, ndi zina zotero. Mitundu ikuluikulu ya zinthu zomwe zili ndi anthraquinone ndi: anthraquinone, 1-amino anthraquinone, 1,4-diamino anthraquinone, 1,5-dimethyl anthraquinone bromine, 1,5-diamino anthraquinone, 1-amino-5-benzoyl anthraquinone, 1,5-dihydroxy anthraquinone, 1,8-hydroxy anthraquinone, 1,8-dihydroxy-4,5-diamino anthraquinone, ndi zina zotero.
5
Mitundu ikuluikulu yokhala ndi mipiringidzo yambiri komanso yokhuthala

Melamine, barbituric acid, 2-amino-6-nitrobenzothiazole, 2-amino-5,6-dichlorobenzothiazole, 2-amino thiazole, dehydrothio-p-toluidine bisulfonic acid, 3-cyano-4-methyl-6-hydroxy-N-ethylpyridone, 3-formylamino-4-methyl-6-hydroxy-N-ethylpyridone, 4-chloro-1,8-naphthalic anhydride, naphthalenetetracarboxylic anhydride, tetracarboxylic anhydride, ndi zina zotero.