M'zaka zaposachedwapa, makampani opanga mankhwala ku China apita patsogolo mofulumira, ndipo kafukufuku watsopano wa mankhwala ndi chitukuko chakhala njira yofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa dziko. Monga nthambi ya makampani opanga mankhwala, makampani opanga mankhwala ophatikizana ndi makampani opanga mankhwala ndi makampani otsogola pamakampani opanga mankhwala. Mu 2018, kukula kwa msika kunafika pa 2017B RMB, ndi kukula kwapakati pa 12.3%. Ndi kukula kwachangu kwa makampani opanga mankhwala, msika wa makampani opanga mankhwala uli ndi chiyembekezo chabwino. Komabe, makampani opanga mankhwala ophatikizana ku China akukumana ndi mavuto ambiri ndipo salandira chisamaliro chokwanira komanso chithandizo chokwanira pamlingo wadziko lonse. Mwa kuthetsa mavuto omwe alipo mumakampani opanga mankhwala ophatikizana ku China ndikuphatikiza ndi kusanthula deta yamakampani awa, timapereka mfundo zoyenera Malangizo okulitsa ndikulimbitsa makampani opanga mankhwala ophatikizana.

Pali mavuto anayi akuluakulu mumakampani opanga mankhwala ku China:

1. Monga kampani yaikulu yotumiza kunja mankhwala ophatikizana, China ndi India pamodzi zimagwiritsa ntchito zoposa 60% ya mankhwala ophatikizana padziko lonse lapansi. Pakupanga mankhwala ophatikizana kupita ku Asia, China yatenga mankhwala ambiri ophatikizana ndi apis chifukwa cha mitengo yotsika ya antchito ndi zinthu zopangira. Ponena za kutumiza ndi kutumiza kunja mankhwala ophatikizana, mankhwala ophatikizana am'nyumba makamaka ndi otsika mtengo, pomwe mankhwala apamwamba akadali odalira kuitanitsa kunja. Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa mitengo ya mankhwala ophatikizana ndi kutumiza kunja kwa mankhwala ena mu 2018. Mitengo ya mankhwala ophatikizana ndi otsika kwambiri kuposa mitengo ya mankhwala ophatikizana. Chifukwa chakuti khalidwe la mankhwala athu silili labwino ngati la mayiko akunja, makampani ena opanga mankhwala amasankhabe kutumiza mankhwala akunja pamitengo yokwera.

Chitsime: China Customs

2. India ndi mpikisano waukulu mu makampani opanga mankhwala ku China komanso mafakitale a API, ndipo ubale wake wolimba ndi mayiko otukuka ku Europe ndi America ndi wamphamvu kwambiri kuposa a ku China. Malinga ndi makampani opanga mankhwala ku India, ndalama zogulira pachaka ndi $18 miliyoni, zopitilira 85% za makampani opanga mankhwala zimaperekedwa ndi China, ndalama zomwe amatumiza kunja zafika $300 miliyoni, mayiko akuluakulu otumiza kunja ku Europe, America, Japan ndi mayiko ena otukuka, kutumiza kunja ku United States, Germany, Italy, chiwerengero cha mayiko atatuwa ndi 46.12% ya ndalama zonse zomwe amatumiza kunja, pomwe chiwerengerocho chinali 24.7% yokha ku China. Chifukwa chake, Ngakhale kuti amatumiza mankhwala ambiri otsika mtengo ochokera ku China, India imapatsa mayiko otukuka ku Europe ndi America mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri pamtengo wokwera. M'zaka zaposachedwa, makampani opanga mankhwala ku India apititsa patsogolo pang'onopang'ono kupanga mankhwala kumapeto kwa kafukufuku woyamba, ndipo mphamvu zawo zofufuza ndi chitukuko komanso mtundu wa malonda onse ndi abwino kuposa a ku China. Mphamvu ya kafukufuku ndi chitukuko ku India mumakampani opanga mankhwala abwino ndi 1.8%, mogwirizana ndi ya ku Europe, pomwe ya ku China ndi 0.9%, nthawi zambiri yotsika kuposa dziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa chakuti njira yoyendetsera zinthu zopangira mankhwala ku India ikugwirizana ndi Europe ndi United States, ubwino ndi chitetezo cha zinthu zake zimadziwika padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo chifukwa cha kupanga zinthu zotsika mtengo komanso ukadaulo wamphamvu, opanga aku India nthawi zambiri amatha kupeza mapangano ambiri opanga zinthu kunja. Kudzera mu mgwirizano wapafupi ndi mayiko otukuka ndi mabizinesi apadziko lonse lapansi, India yaphunzira ndikuphunzira machitidwe a makampani a PHARMACEUTICAL ku United States, nthawi zonse ikulimbikitsa mabizinesi ake kuti alimbikitse kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, kukweza njira yokonzekera, ndikupanga njira yabwino yoyendetsera unyolo wamafakitale. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chifukwa cha mtengo wotsika wa zinthu komanso kusowa chidziwitso pakumvetsetsa msika wapadziko lonse lapansi, makampani opanga mankhwala aku China ndi ovuta kupanga ubale wogwirizana kwa nthawi yayitali komanso wokhazikika ndi mabizinesi apadziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pasakhale chilimbikitso chokweza kafukufuku ndi chitukuko.

Ngakhale makampani opanga mankhwala ndi mankhwala ku China akufulumizitsa chitukuko cha KAFUKUFUKU ndi chitukuko chatsopano, mphamvu yofufuza ndi chitukuko cha mankhwala ophatikizana a mankhwala ikunyalanyazidwa. Chifukwa cha liwiro lofulumira la zinthu zophatikizana, mabizinesi akuyenera kupanga ndikusintha zinthu zatsopano nthawi zonse kuti azigwirizana ndi kupita patsogolo kwa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko chatsopano mumakampani opanga mankhwala. M'zaka zaposachedwa, pamene kukhazikitsa mfundo zoteteza chilengedwe kwakula, kukakamizidwa kwa opanga kuti amange malo ochiritsira chitetezo cha chilengedwe kwawonjezeka. Kutulutsa kwapakati mu 2017 ndi 2018 kwatsika ndi 10.9% ndi 20.25%, motsatana, poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha. Chifukwa chake, mabizinesi akuyenera kuwonjezera phindu lowonjezera la zinthu ndikuzindikira pang'onopang'ono kuphatikiza mafakitale.

3. Mankhwala akuluakulu opha tizilombo ku China makamaka ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mavitamini. Monga momwe chithunzi chili pansipa chikusonyezera, mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi oposa 80% a mankhwala akuluakulu opha tizilombo ku China. Pakati pa mankhwala opha tizilombo omwe ali ndi zokolola zoposa matani 1,000, 55.9% anali maantibayotiki, 24.2% anali mavitamini, ndipo 10% anali mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kagayidwe kachakudya motsatana. Kupanga mitundu ina ya maantibayotiki, monga mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a mtima ndi mankhwala opha khansa ndi mavairasi, kunali kotsika kwambiri. Popeza makampani opanga mankhwala atsopano ku China akadali mu gawo lopanga, pali kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha mankhwala opha tizilombo ndi mavairasi ndi mayiko otukuka, kotero n'kovuta kuyendetsa kupanga mankhwala opha tizilombo kuchokera kumayiko otsikira. Kuti agwirizane ndi chitukuko cha mankhwala apadziko lonse lapansi komanso kusintha kwa matenda, makampani opanga mankhwala ayenera kulimbikitsa kafukufuku, chitukuko ndi kupanga mankhwala opha tizilombo.

Gwero la deta: China Chemical Pharmaceutical Industry Association

4. Makampani opanga mankhwala ku China makamaka ndi makampani achinsinsi omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa, ambiri mwa iwo ali pakati pa 7 miliyoni ndi 20 miliyoni, ndipo chiwerengero cha antchito ndi chochepera 100. Popeza phindu la opanga mankhwala ndi lalikulu kuposa la mankhwala, makampani ambiri opanga mankhwala amalowa nawo popanga mankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mpikisano wosakhazikika m'makampaniwa, kuchuluka kwa makampani ochepa, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu zochepa komanso kumanga mobwerezabwereza. Nthawi yomweyo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa mfundo zogulira mankhwala kumapangitsa makampani kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira ndi kusinthana mitengo ndi kuchuluka. Opanga zinthu zopangira sangapange zinthu zokhala ndi mtengo wowonjezera, ndipo pali mpikisano woipa wamitengo.

Poganizira mavuto omwe ali pamwambapa, tikupangira kuti makampani opanga mankhwala azipereka zonse zomwe China ikufuna monga kupanga bwino kwambiri komanso mtengo wotsika wopanga, ndikuwonjezera kutumiza kwa makampani opanga mankhwala kuti apititse patsogolo msika wa mayiko otukuka ngakhale kuti mliriwu uli woipa kunja. Nthawi yomweyo, boma liyenera kuyika patsogolo luso la kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha makampani opanga mankhwala, ndikulimbikitsa mabizinesi kuti awonjezere unyolo wa mafakitale ndikukweza kwambiri ku mtundu wa CDMO womwe umagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wambiri komanso ndalama zambiri. Kukula kwa makampani opanga mankhwala kuyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi kufunikira kwa zinthu, ndipo phindu lowonjezera ndi mphamvu zogulira zinthu ziyenera kukulitsidwa mwa kutenga misika yamayiko otukuka, kukonza luso lawo lofufuza ndi chitukuko ndikulimbitsa kuyesa kwabwino kwa zinthu. Njira yowonjezerera unyolo wa mafakitale akumtunda ndi akumunsi sikungowonjezera phindu la mabizinesi, komanso kupanga makampani apakatikati osinthidwa. Kusunthaku kungalumikize kwambiri kupanga zinthu, kukulitsa kukhulupirika kwa makasitomala, ndikukulitsa ubale wa nthawi yayitali. Mabizinesi adzapindula ndi kukula mwachangu kwa kufunikira kwa zinthu ndikukhazikitsa njira yopangira yoyendetsedwa ndi kufunikira ndi KAFUKUFUKU ndi chitukuko.