M'zaka zaposachedwa, makampani opanga mankhwala ku China akukula mofulumira, ndipo kafukufuku watsopano wa mankhwala ndi chitukuko chakhala chitsogozo chachikulu cha chitukuko cha dziko.Monga nthambi yamakampani opanga mankhwala, makampani opanga mankhwala ndi makampani akumtunda kwa makampani opanga mankhwala. Mu 2018, kukula kwa msika kunafika ku 2017B RMB, ndi kukula kwapakati pa 12.3% . kulandira chisamaliro chokwanira ndi chithandizo cha ndondomeko ku dziko lonse. Ndi kuthetsa mavuto omwe alipo mu makampani China mankhwala intermediates ndi kaphatikizidwe ndi kusanthula deta za makampani, timaika patsogolo zofunika ndondomeko Malingaliro kukulitsa ndi kulimbikitsa makampani intermediates mankhwala.

Pali zovuta zinayi zazikulu mumakampani aku China opanga mankhwala:

1. Monga wogulitsa kwambiri kunja kwa mankhwala apakati, China ndi India akugwira ntchito yoposa 60% yapadziko lonse lapansi pakupanga mankhwala opangira mankhwala. Chifukwa cha ntchito zochepa komanso mitengo yamtengo wapatali. Pankhani ya kuitanitsa ndi kutumiza kunja kwapakati, mankhwala apakhomo apakatikati amakhala otsika kwambiri, pamene zinthu zamtengo wapatali zimadalirabe katundu. zapakati pazamankhwala mu 2018. Mitengo yogulitsira kunja ndi yotsika kwambiri kuposa mitengo yamtengo wapatali.Chifukwa chakuti zinthu zathu sizili bwino ngati zamayiko akunja, mabizinesi ena azamankhwala amasankhabe kuitanitsa zinthu zakunja pamitengo yapamwamba.

Gwero: China Customs

2. India ndi mpikisano waukulu ku China mankhwala intermediates ndi API makampani, ndipo mgwirizano wake wakuya mgwirizano ndi mayiko otukuka ku Ulaya ndi America ndi wamphamvu kwambiri kuposa China., malinga ndi Indian mankhwala intermediates pachaka ndalama zoitanitsa ndi $18 miliyoni, kuposa 85% zapakati zimaperekedwa ndi China, ndalama zake zogulitsa kunja zafika $ 300 miliyoni, mayiko akuluakulu ogulitsa ku Ulaya, America, Japan ndi mayiko ena otukuka, amatumiza ku United States, Germany, Italy, chiwerengero cha mayiko atatuwa ndi 46,12 % ya katundu wathunthu, pamene gawoli linali 24.7% yokha ku China.Chifukwa chake, Pamene akuitanitsa chiwerengero chachikulu cha mankhwala otsika mtengo kuchokera ku China, India amapereka mayiko otukuka ku Ulaya ndi America omwe ali ndi mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri pamtengo wapamwamba. M'zaka zaposachedwa, makampani opanga mankhwala aku India pang'onopang'ono akulitsa kupanga kwapakati kumapeto kwa r&d yoyambirira, ndipo mphamvu zawo za R&D ndi mtundu wazinthu zonse ndi zabwino kuposa zaku China. Kuchulukira kwa R&D ku India pamafakitale abwino amankhwala ndi 1.8%, mogwirizana ndi ku Europe, pomwe China ndi 0.9%, nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika kuposa yapadziko lonse lapansi. khalidwe lake la mankhwala ndi chitetezo zimadziwika padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo ndi kupanga zotsika mtengo komanso luso lamphamvu, opanga Indian nthawi zambiri amatha kupeza mgwirizano wambiri wopangidwa ndi kunja. Maphunziro kuchokera ndikutengera zochita zamakampani a PHARMACEUTICAL ku United States, kulimbikitsa mabizinesi ake nthawi zonse kuti alimbikitse kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, kukweza njira yokonzekera, ndikupanga njira yabwino yamakampani. Zogulitsa komanso kusowa kwa chidziwitso pakumvetsetsa msika wapadziko lonse lapansi, makampani opanga mankhwala ku China ndizovuta kupanga ubale wanthawi yayitali komanso wokhazikika wogwirizana ndi mabizinesi amitundu yonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusowa kolimbikitsa kwa R&D kukweza.

Ngakhale kuti mafakitale opanga mankhwala ndi mankhwala ku China akufulumizitsa chitukuko cha UFULU wabwino ndi chitukuko, kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha anthu ophatikizira mankhwala akunyalanyaza.Chifukwa cha kufulumira kukonzanso kwazinthu zapakatikati, mabizinesi amayenera kupanga ndi kukonza zatsopano kuti azisunga. likuyenda ndi kupita patsogolo kwa kafukufuku wamakono ndi chitukuko m'makampani opanga mankhwala.M'zaka zaposachedwa, pamene kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndondomeko zoteteza chilengedwe kwakula, kukakamizidwa kwa opanga kumanga malo ochiritsira chitetezo cha chilengedwe chawonjezeka. Kutulutsa kwapakatikati mu 2017 ndi 2018 kunatsika ndi 10.9% ndi 20.25%, motero, poyerekeza ndi chaka chapitacho.Chifukwa chake, mabizinesi amayenera kuwonjezera mtengo wowonjezera wazinthu ndikuzindikira pang'onopang'ono kuphatikiza kwa mafakitale.

3. Njira zazikulu zopangira mankhwala ku China nthawi zambiri zimakhala ma antibiotic intermediates ndi mavitamini intermediates.Monga momwe tawonetsera m'munsimu, mankhwala opha maantibayotiki amawerengera oposa 80% a mankhwala akuluakulu apakati ku China. Pakati pa omwe ali ndi zokolola zoposa matani 1,000 , 55.9% anali maantibayotiki, 24.2% anali mavitamini pakati, ndipo 10% anali antibacterial ndi metabolic intermediates motero. Kupanga mitundu ina ya maantibayotiki, monga intermediates kwa mtima dongosolo mankhwala ndi intermediates kwa anticancer ndi sapha mavairasi oyambitsa mankhwala, anali kwambiri lower.As China nzeru makampani mankhwala akadali mu siteji chitukuko, pali kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha mankhwala odana ndi chotupa ndi odana ndi mavairasi ndi mayiko otukuka, choncho n'zovuta kuyendetsa kupanga intermediates kumtunda kuchokera kumtunda. kulimbikitsa kafukufuku, chitukuko ndi kupanga mankhwala apakati.

Gwero lachidziwitso: China Chemical Pharmaceutical Industry Association

4. Mabizinesi opanga mankhwala aku China omwe ali ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa, ambiri omwe ali pakati pa 7 miliyoni ndi 20 miliyoni, ndipo chiwerengero cha antchito ndi ochepera 100. mankhwala, mabizinesi mankhwala ochulukirachulukira agwirizane kupanga intermediates mankhwala, zomwe zimabweretsa chodabwitsa cha mpikisano wosokonezeka mu makampani, otsika ogwira ntchito ndende, otsika chuma Kugawilidwa kwanthaka Mwachangu ndi mobwerezabwereza kumanga. mfundo zogulira zimapangitsa mabizinesi kuti achepetse ndalama zopangira komanso kusinthanitsa mitengo ndi voliyumu. Opanga zinthu zakuthupi sangathe kupanga zinthu zokhala ndi mtengo wowonjezera, ndipo pali mkhalidwe woyipa wa mpikisano wamitengo.

Poganizira mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa, tikuwonetsa kuti makampani opanga mankhwala akuyenera kupereka masewera onse ku zabwino za China monga zokolola zapamwamba komanso mtengo wotsika wopanga, ndikuwonjezera kugulitsa kwapakati pamankhwala kuti apititse patsogolo msika wamayiko otukuka ngakhale zinthu sizikuyenda bwino. Mliri wa mliri kunja kwa dziko.Panthawi yomweyi, boma liyenera kuyika kufunikira kwa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha ogwira ntchito zamankhwala, ndikulimbikitsa mabizinesi kuti awonjezere kuchuluka kwa mafakitale ndikukweza momveka bwino ku mtundu wa CDMO womwe ndi wogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo komanso wogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri. Kukula kwa makampani opanga mankhwala kuyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi kufunikira kwa kunsi kwa mtsinje, ndipo mtengo wowonjezera ndi mphamvu zogulitsira malonda ziyenera kukulitsidwa ndikukhala m'misika yamayiko otukuka, kupititsa patsogolo luso lawo la kafukufuku ndi chitukuko komanso kulimbikitsa kuyesa kwazinthu. kuwonjezera kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa mafakitale unyolo sikungangowonjezera phindu la mabizinesi, komanso kukhala ndi mabizinesi apakati makonda. Kusunthaku kumatha kumangirira kwambiri kupanga zinthu, kukulitsa kukhazikika kwamakasitomala, ndikukulitsa ubale wanthawi yayitali wa mgwirizano. Mabizinesi adzapindula ndikukula kwachangu kwa kufunikira kwakutsika ndikupanga njira yopangira yoyendetsedwa ndi kufunikira ndi KUPANDA ndi chitukuko.