01 Mkhalidwe wamba

MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanic acid) ndi chinthu cha polyurethane chomwe chimapangidwa ndi isocyanate, polyol ndi chothandizira chake, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zapakhomo, nyumba, mayendedwe ndi zochitika zina.

MDI imaonedwa ngati imodzi mwa zinthu zambiri zomwe zili ndi zopinga zambiri mumakampani opanga mankhwala. Njira yopangira isocyanate ndi yayitali, kuphatikizapo nitration reaction, reduction reaction ndi acidification reaction.

Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zopangira MDI: phosgenation ndi non-phosgenation. Njira ya phosgene ndiyo ukadaulo waukulu wopanga ma isocyanate m'mafakitale pakadali pano, ndipo ndiyo njira yokhayo yomwe ingapangire kupanga ma isocyanate ambiri. Komabe, phosgene ndi poizoni kwambiri, ndipo izi ziyenera kuchitika pansi pa asidi wamphamvu, zomwe zimafuna zida zambiri komanso ukadaulo.

02 mtundu

MDI nthawi zambiri imagawidwa m'magulu atatu: polymer MDI, pure MDI ndi modified MDI:

MDI yopangidwa ndi polymer ndi chinthu chopangira thovu lolimba la polyurethane ndi thovu lolimba pang'ono, ndipo zinthu zake zomalizidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mufiriji, zipangizo zotetezera kutentha, zida zokongoletsa magalimoto ndi mafakitale ena.

Pure MDI imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya polyurethane elastomers, makamaka popanga thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers, spandex, PU leather slurry, nsapato zomatira, komanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zinthu za microporous elastomer, monga solids, solid tayala, self-crusting thovu, car bumpers, interior trim parts, komanso kupanga cast polyurethane elastomers.

Monga chochokera ku zinthu za MDI series, MDI yosinthidwa ndi yowonjezera ya MDI yoyera ndi zinthu za MDI zopangidwa ndi polymer zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamsika pakadali pano, ndipo zimatha kupereka ntchito yapadera komanso zinthu zokonzedwa malinga ndi kusiyana kwa kapangidwe ka kapangidwe ka zinthu ndi njira yopangira, kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri mu thovu lofewa, ma elastomer, zokutira, zomatira ndi zina.

03 Kumtunda ndi pansi pa unyolo wa mafakitale

Kukwera kwa mafuta, gasi wachilengedwe, miyala yachitsulo ndi zinthu zina;

Malo ofikira pakati ndi mankhwala pakati pa zipangizo zopangira ndi zinthu zomaliza zotsikira pansi, zomwe zikuyimira WH Chemical, WX petrochemical, ndi zina zotero.

Pansi pake pali mankhwala otsiriza, monga mapulasitiki, labala, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, feteleza, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zikuyimira kampani ya JF Technology, matayala a LL, mankhwala a RL, HR Hengsheng, ndi zina zotero.

04 Kusanthula kufunikira ndi kusiyana kwa msika

Polyurethane yopangidwa ndi MDI ili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, makamaka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani omanga, makampani apakhomo, zida zapakhomo, makampani oyendera, makampani opanga nsapato, ndi zina zotero. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito MDI kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa chuma cha padziko lonse lapansi.

Kuchokera pamalingaliro apadziko lonse lapansi, kapangidwe kake konse kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka MDI yopangidwa ndi polymer mu 2021 ndi: 49% yamakampani omanga, 21% ya zida zapakhomo, 17% ya zomatira, ndi 11% ya magalimoto.

Kuchokera m'dziko muno, gawo la kapangidwe ka MDI yopangidwa ndi polymer mu 2021 ndi: 40% ya zinthu zoyera, 28% ya makampani omanga, 16% ya zomatira, ndi 7% ya magalimoto.

05 Kachitidwe ka mpikisano

Mbali yopereka ya MDI ikuwonetsa momwe mpikisano wa oligopoly ulili. Pali opanga akuluakulu asanu ndi atatu a MDI padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo opanga atatu apamwamba kwambiri ndi WH Chemical, BASF ndi Covestro, ndipo mphamvu zonse za makampani atatuwa zimawerengera zoposa 60% ya mphamvu zonse zopangira padziko lonse lapansi. Pakati pawo, WH Chemical ndiye kampani yotsogola kwambiri mumakampani a MDI ku China komanso kampani yayikulu kwambiri yopanga MDI padziko lonse lapansi.