01 Zochitika zonse

MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanic acid) ndi polyurethane zinthu zopangidwa ndi isocyanate, polyol ndi wothandizira wake, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zapakhomo, nyumba, zoyendera ndi zochitika zina.

MDI imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwazinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi zotchinga zapamwamba kwambiri pamakampani opanga mankhwala. The kaphatikizidwe ndondomeko ya isocyanate ndi yaitali, kuphatikizapo nitration anachita, kuchepetsa anachita ndi acidification anachita.

Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zopangira MDI: phosgenation ndi non-phosgenation. Phosgene process ndiye ukadaulo wodziwika bwino wamakampani opanga ma isocyanates pakadali pano, ndipo ndi njira yokhayo yomwe ingakwaniritse kupanga kwakukulu kwa isocyanates. Komabe, phosgene ndi poizoni kwambiri, ndipo zomwe zimafunikira ziyenera kuchitika pansi pamikhalidwe yamphamvu ya asidi, yomwe imafunikira zida zapamwamba ndiukadaulo.

02 mtundu

MDI nthawi zambiri imagawidwa m'magulu atatu: polima MDI, MDI yoyera ndi MDI yosinthidwa:

Polymerized MDI ndi zopangira popanga thovu lolimba la polyurethane ndi thovu lolimba, ndipo zomalizidwa zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mufiriji, zida zotchinjiriza zotentha, zida zamagalimoto ndi mafakitale ena.

MDI yoyera imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya polyurethane elastomers, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers, spandex, PU chikopa slurry, zomatira nsapato, komanso ntchito mu zipangizo microporous elastomer, monga soles, matayala olimba, kudzikonda. -kupukuta thovu, ma bumpers agalimoto, magawo amkati amkati, ndikupanga ma polyurethane elastomers.

Monga linachokera ku MDI mankhwala mndandanda, kusinthidwa MDI ndi kutambasuka luso la koyera MDI ndi polymerized MDI mankhwala ambiri ntchito msika pakali pano, ndipo angapereke ntchito yapadera ndi katundu processing malinga ndi kusiyana mankhwala kapangidwe kamangidwe ndi kaphatikizidwe ndondomeko, kotero monga kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu thovu zofewa, elastomers, zokutira, zomatira ndi zina.

03 Kumtunda ndi kunsi kwa mtsinje wa mafakitale

Kumtunda kwa mafuta, gasi, chitsulo ndi zinthu zina;

Kufikira kwapakati ndi mankhwala pakati pa zopangira ndi zinthu zomaliza, zomwe zimayimira WH Chemical, WX petrochemical, etc.

Mtsinje wapansi ndi mankhwala omaliza, monga mapulasitiki, mphira, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, feteleza, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimayimira kampani JF Technology, LL matayala, mankhwala a RL, HR Hengsheng, etc.

04 Kusanthula kwa zofuna ndi kusiyana kwa msika

Polyurethane yopangidwa ndi MDI ili ndi mapulogalamu ambiri otsika pansi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa ntchito yomanga, makampani apanyumba, zipangizo zapakhomo, makampani oyendetsa galimoto, nsapato za nsapato, ndi zina zotero.

Padziko lonse lapansi, kuchuluka kwa ma polymerized MDI mu 2021 ndi: 49% yazomangamanga, 21% ya zida zapakhomo, 17% zomatira, ndi 11% zamagalimoto.

M'malingaliro am'nyumba, gawo la ma polymerized MDI amagwiritsiridwa ntchito mu 2021 makamaka: 40% pazinthu zoyera, 28% yazomangamanga, 16% zomatira, ndi 7% zamagalimoto.

05 Chitsanzo cha mpikisano

Mbali yopereka ya MDI ikuwonetsa mpikisano wa oligopoly. Pali opanga asanu ndi atatu akuluakulu a MDI padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo opanga atatu apamwamba kwambiri ndi WH Chemical, BASF ndi Covestro, omwe ali ndi mphamvu zophatikiza zamabizinesi atatuwa omwe amapitilira 60% ya mphamvu zonse zopanga padziko lapansi. Mwa iwo, WH Chemical ndiye bizinesi yotsogola pamakampani a MDI ku China komanso bizinesi yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yopanga MDI.