Malinga ndi Xinhua news Agency, mgwirizano wa zachuma wa Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) unasainidwa mwalamulo pa Novembala 15 pamisonkhano ya atsogoleri a mgwirizano wa East Asia, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti pakhale malo akuluakulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ogulitsa malonda aulere okhala ndi anthu ambiri, mamembala osiyanasiyana komanso kuthekera kwakukulu kopititsa patsogolo chitukuko.

Kuyambira pomwe kusinthaku kunayamba zaka zoposa 40 zapitazo, makampani opanga nsalu akhala akupitilizabe kukula bwino komanso kokhazikika, akuchita gawo lokhazikika pakusintha kwachuma kosiyanasiyana, ndipo makampani ake ofunikira sanagwedezekepo. Ndi kusaina kwa RCEP, makampani osindikiza ndi kuyika utoto adzabweretsanso zabwino zomwe sizinachitikepo kale. Kodi zomwe zili mkati mwake ndi ziti, chonde onani lipoti lotsatirali!
Malinga ndi CCTV News, msonkhano wachinayi wa atsogoleri a Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) unachitika m'njira ya kanema lero (Novembala 15) m'mawa.

Atsogoleri 15 a China, anati lero tikuwona mgwirizano wa zachuma m'chigawo (RCEP) womwe wasainidwa, monga mamembala a anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi omwe akutenga nawo mbali, kapangidwe kosiyanasiyana kwambiri, kuthekera kwa chitukuko ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri la malonda aulere, sikuti ndi mgwirizano wachigawo ku East Asia wokha womwe wakwaniritsa zofunikira kwambiri, kwambiri, kupambana kwa mayiko ambiri ndi malonda aulere kudzawonjezera china chatsopano kuti chilimbikitse chitukuko cha chigawo ndi kutukuka kwa mphamvu ya kinetic, mphamvu zatsopano zikwaniritse kukula kobwezeretsa chuma cha dziko.

Premier Li: RCEP yasainidwa

Ndi kupambana kwa mgwirizano wa mayiko ambiri komanso malonda omasuka

Premier Li Keqiang pa Novembala 15 m'mawa kuti akakhale nawo pamsonkhano wachinayi wa atsogoleri a "mgwirizano wachuma wachigawo" (RCEP), adatero atsogoleri 15 lero omwe akuwona mgwirizano wachuma wachigawo (RCEP) womwe wasainidwa, monga mamembala a anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi omwe akutenga nawo mbali, kapangidwe kosiyanasiyana kwambiri, kuthekera kwachitukuko ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri lamalonda aulere, sikuti ndi mgwirizano wachigawo ku East Asia wokha womwe wakwaniritsa zofunikira kwambiri, kwambiri, kupambana kwa mayiko ambiri ndi malonda aulere kudzawonjezera china chatsopano kuti chilimbikitse chitukuko chachigawo ndi chitukuko cha mphamvu ya kinetic, mphamvu zatsopano zikwaniritse kukula kobwezeretsa chuma cha dziko lapansi.

Li adanenanso kuti malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili padziko lonse lapansi, kusainidwa kwa RCEP pambuyo pa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu za zokambirana kwapatsa anthu kuwala ndi chiyembekezo m'chipale chofewa. Zikusonyeza kuti mgwirizano wa mayiko ambiri ndi malonda aulere ndiye njira yayikulu ndipo zikuyimirabe njira yoyenera ya chuma cha dziko lonse ndi anthu. Lolani anthu asankhe mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano m'malo mwa mikangano ndi mikangano akakumana ndi mavuto, ndipo aloleni azithandizana ndikuthandizana nthawi zovuta m'malo mopempha mfundo zoti anansi anu azitsatira ndikuyang'ana moto kuchokera patali. Tiyeni tiwonetse dziko lonse kuti kutseguka ndi mgwirizano ndiyo njira yokhayo yopezera zotsatira zabwino kwa mayiko onse. Njira yomwe ili patsogolo sidzakhala yosalala. Malingana ngati tikhalabe olimba mu chidaliro chathu ndikugwira ntchito limodzi, tidzakhala ndi mwayi wobweretsa tsogolo labwino kwambiri ku East Asia ndi anthu onse.

Unduna wa Zachuma: China ndi Japan agwirizana koyamba

Makonzedwe a mgwirizano wa mitengo ya mayiko awiri

Pa Novembala 15, malinga ndi tsamba lawebusayiti la Unduna wa Zachuma, mgwirizano wa RCEP wokhudza kumasula malonda mu katundu wapereka zotsatira zabwino. Kuchepetsa msonkho pakati pa mayiko omwe ali mamembala kumadalira kwambiri kudzipereka ku zero tariff nthawi yomweyo ndi zero tariff mkati mwa zaka 10. FTA ikuyembekezeka kufika patsogolo kwambiri pakumanga kwake pang'onopang'ono munthawi yochepa. China ndi Japan zafika pa mgwirizano wochepetsa msonkho wa mayiko awiriwa koyamba, zomwe zikuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwa mbiri yakale. Mgwirizanowu ndi wothandiza pakulimbikitsa kumasula kwakukulu kwa malonda m'derali.

Kusainidwa bwino kwa RCEP n'kofunika kwambiri pakukweza kuchira kwachuma kwa mayiko pambuyo pa mliriwu komanso kulimbikitsa chitukuko ndi chitukuko cha nthawi yayitali. Kupititsa patsogolo kumasuka kwa malonda kudzabweretsa chilimbikitso chachikulu ku chitukuko cha zachuma ndi malonda m'madera. Ubwino wapadera wa mgwirizanowu udzapindulitsa mwachindunji ogula ndi mabizinesi amakampani, ndipo udzakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukulitsa zisankho pamsika wa ogula ndikuchepetsa ndalama zamalonda zamabizinesi.

Unduna wa Zachuma wakhazikitsa modzipereka zisankho ndi mapulani a Komiti Yaikulu ya CPC ndi Bungwe la Boma, watenga nawo mbali ndikulimbikitsa mgwirizano wa RCEP, ndipo wachita ntchito zambiri mwatsatanetsatane pa kuchepetsa msonkho wa malonda a katundu. Gawo lotsatira, Unduna wa Zachuma udzachita mwachangu ntchito yochepetsa msonkho wa mgwirizano.

Pambuyo pa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu za "Kuthamanga mtunda wautali"

Panganoli, lomwe linayambitsidwa ndi mayiko 10 a ASEAN ndipo limakhudza ogwirizana asanu ndi limodzi — China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand ndi India — cholinga chake ndi kupanga mgwirizano wamalonda waulere wa mayiko 16 wokhala ndi msika umodzi mwa kuchepetsa zopinga za msonkho ndi zosagwirizana ndi msonkho.

Zokambiranazi, zomwe zinayambitsidwa mwalamulo mu Novembala 2012, zikukhudza madera khumi ndi awiri kuphatikizapo mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, ndalama, mgwirizano wa zachuma ndi ukadaulo, komanso malonda a katundu ndi ntchito.

M'zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zapitazi, China yakhala ndi misonkhano itatu ya atsogoleri, misonkhano 19 ya abusa komanso zokambirana 28 zovomerezeka.

Pa Novembala 4, 2019, msonkhano wachitatu wa atsogoleri, mgwirizano wa zachuma m'chigawo chonse mu chiganizo chogwirizana, unalengeza kutha kwa zokambirana zonse za mayiko 15 omwe ali mamembala komanso pafupifupi zokambirana zonse zokhudzana ndi mwayi wopeza msika, uyambitsa ntchito yowunikira zolemba zamalamulo, India chifukwa cha "vuto lofunika silinathetsedwe" kwakanthawi kuti asalowe nawo mgwirizanowu.

GDP yonse ndi yoposa $25 trillion

Imagwira 30% ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi

Zhang Jianping, mkulu wa Regional Economic Research Center of the Academy of The Ministry of Commerce, anati REGIONAL Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) imadziwika ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu komanso kuphatikiza kwakukulu.

Pofika mu 2018, mamembala 15 a mgwirizanowu adzagwira anthu pafupifupi 2.3 biliyoni, kapena 30 peresenti ya anthu onse padziko lapansi. Ndi GDP yonse yoposa $25 thililiyoni, derali lidzakhala dera lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi lochita malonda aulere.

Mgwirizano Wachuma Wachigawo (RCEP) ndi mtundu watsopano wa mgwirizano wamalonda waulere womwe umaphatikizapo zambiri kuposa mapangano ena amalonda aulere omwe akugwira ntchito padziko lonse lapansi. Mgwirizanowu sumangokhudza malonda a katundu, kuthetsa mikangano, malonda a ntchito ndi ndalama zokha, komanso nkhani zatsopano monga ufulu wazinthu zanzeru, malonda a digito, ndalama ndi kulumikizana.
Katundu woposa 90% akhoza kuphatikizidwa mu mndandanda wa zero-tariff

Zikumveka kuti zokambirana za RCEP zimamangidwa pa mgwirizano wakale wa "10+3" ndipo zikukulitsanso mwayi wake kufika pa "10+5". China yakhazikitsa kale malo ochitira malonda aulere ndi mayiko khumi a ASEAN, ndipo malo ochitira malonda aulere aphimba zinthu zoposa 90 peresenti ya misonkho mbali zonse ziwiri popanda msonkho uliwonse.

Zhu Yin, pulofesa wothandizira wa Dipatimenti Yoyang'anira Boma ku Sukulu Yoona za Ubale Wapadziko Lonse, anati zokambirana za RCEP mosakayikira zitenga njira zambiri zochepetsera zopinga za misonkho, ndipo kuti 95 peresenti kapena zinthu zambiri zidzaphatikizidwa mu mzere wa zero-tariff mtsogolo. Padzakhalanso malo ambiri pamsika. Kuwonjezeka kwa mamembala kuchokera pa 13 mpaka 15 ndi njira yayikulu yolimbikitsira mabizinesi akunja.

Ziwerengero zikusonyeza kuti m'magawo atatu oyambirira a chaka chino, kuchuluka kwa malonda pakati pa China ndi ASEAN kwafika pa $481.81 biliyoni, zomwe zakwera ndi 5% pachaka. Asean yakhala bwenzi lalikulu kwambiri la malonda ku China, ndipo ndalama zomwe China imagwiritsa ntchito ku ASEAN zawonjezeka ndi 76.6% chaka chilichonse.

Kuphatikiza apo, mgwirizanowu umathandizanso pakupanga maunyolo ogulitsa ndi maunyolo ogulitsa zinthu m'derali. Wachiwiri kwa Nduna ya Zamalonda ndi Malonda Akunja, Wang Shouwen, adati, m'derali, kupanga malo ogwirizana amalonda aulere, kumathandiza kupanga dera lanu malinga ndi phindu lofananira, unyolo wogulitsa ndi unyolo wamtengo wapatali m'derali, kuyenda kwa zinthu, kuyenda kwa ukadaulo, kuyenda kwa ntchito, kuyenda kwa ndalama, kuphatikiza antchito kudutsa malire, zitha kukhala ndi phindu lalikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malonda apangidwe.

Tengani makampani opanga zovala. Ngati Vietnam itumiza zovala zake ku China tsopano, idzayenera kulipira misonkho, ndipo ngati ilowa nawo mu FTA, unyolo wamtengo wapatali wachigawo udzayamba kugwira ntchito. Kutumiza ubweya kuchokera ku Australia, New Zealand, China yasayina mgwirizano wamalonda waulere chifukwa, kotero tsogolo likhoza kukhala kutumiza ubweya wopanda msonkho, kutumiza kunja ku China pambuyo pa nsalu zolukidwa, nsaluyo ikhoza kutumizidwa ku Vietnam, Vietnam kachiwiri mutagwiritsa ntchito izi kutumiza zovala za nsalu ku South Korea, Japan, China ndi mayiko ena, izi zitha kukhala zopanda msonkho, motero zimalimbikitsa chitukuko cha makampani opanga nsalu ndi zovala zakomweko, kuthetsa ntchito, kutumiza kunja kulinso kwabwino kwambiri.

Ndipotu, mabizinesi onse m'chigawochi akhoza kutenga nawo mbali pakusonkhanitsa phindu la malo omwe adachokera, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri pakukweza malonda ndi ndalama zomwe zimagwirizana m'chigawochi.
Chifukwa chake, ngati zinthu zoposa 90% za RCEP zitachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono pamisonkho pambuyo poti RCEP yasaina, izi zidzakulitsa kwambiri chuma cha mamembala oposa khumi ndi awiri, kuphatikizapo China.
Akatswiri: Kupanga ntchito zambiri

Tidzasintha kwambiri moyo wa nzika zathu

"Ndi kusainidwa kwa RCEP, dera lochita malonda laulere lomwe lili ndi anthu ambiri, kuchuluka kwachuma ndi malonda komanso kuthekera kwakukulu kwachitukuko padziko lonse lapansi kwakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo." Mu kuyankhulana ndi 21st Century Business Herald, Su Ge, wapampando wa Pacific Economic Cooperation Council komanso Purezidenti wakale wa The China Institute of International Studies, adati munthawi ya pambuyo pa coVID-19, RCEP idzakulitsa kwambiri mgwirizano wachuma m'chigawo ndikuyika chilimbikitso pakubwezeretsa chuma m'chigawo cha Asia-Pacific.

"Panthawi imene dziko lapansi likusintha kwambiri zomwe sizinawonekere m'zaka zana zapitazi, dera la Asia-Pacific likuchita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukula kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi." Mu dziko la North America, Asia Pacific ndi Europe, mgwirizano pakati pa China ndi ASEAN uli ndi kuthekera kopangitsa kuti bwalo lamalondali likhale malo ofunikira kwambiri pamalonda apadziko lonse lapansi ndi ndalama." Anatero Shuga.
A Suger akunena kuti gulu la malonda m'chigawochi lili kumbuyo pang'ono kwa EU monga gawo la malonda apadziko lonse lapansi. Pamene chuma cha Asia-Pacific chikupitirira kukula bwino, gawo la malonda aulere ili lidzakhala malo atsopano abwino kwambiri pakukula kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi pambuyo pa mliriwu.

Ngakhale ena akunena kuti miyezo si yokwanira poyerekeza ndi CPTPP, The comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership, a Sugar akunena kuti RCEP ilinso ndi ubwino waukulu. "Ili ndi mitu yambiri, kuphatikizapo osati kungochotsa zopinga zamalonda zamkati komanso kupanga ndi kukonza malo osungira ndalama, komanso njira zabwino zowonjezerera malonda muutumiki, komanso kulimbitsa chitetezo cha katundu wanzeru."

Iye anagogomezera kuti kusaina kwa RCEP kudzapereka chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri kuti, ngakhale kuti pali zotsatira zitatu za chitetezo cha malonda, unilateralism ndi coVID-19, chiyembekezo cha zachuma ndi malonda m'chigawo cha Asia-Pacific chikuwonetsabe kukula kwamphamvu kwa chitukuko chokhazikika.

Zhang Jianping, mkulu wa Research Center for Regional Economic Cooperation pansi pa Unduna wa Zamalonda, adauza 21st Century Business Herald kuti RCEP idzaphimba misika iwiri ikuluikulu padziko lonse lapansi yomwe ili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kokulira, anthu 1.4 biliyoni aku China ndi anthu oposa 600 miliyoni aku ASEAN. Nthawi yomweyo, mayiko 15 awa, monga injini zofunika kwambiri pakukula kwachuma m'chigawo cha Asia-Pacific, ndi omwenso ndi magwero ofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi.

Zhang Jianping adati mgwirizanowu ukangoyamba kugwira ntchito, kufunikira kwa malonda pakati pa mayiko kudzakula mofulumira chifukwa cha kuchotsedwa kwakukulu kwa zopinga za msonkho ndi zopinga za msonkho komanso zopinga za ndalama, zomwe ndi zotsatira za malonda. Nthawi yomweyo, malonda ndi ogwirizana nawo omwe si a m'chigawo adzasinthidwa pang'ono kupita ku malonda amkati mwa chigawo, zomwe ndi zotsatira za kusamutsa malonda. Kumbali ya ndalama, mgwirizanowu udzabweretsanso kukulitsa ndalama zina. Chifukwa chake, RCEP idzalimbikitsa kukula kwa GDP m'chigawo chonse, kupanga ntchito zambiri ndikukweza kwambiri moyo wa mayiko onse.

"Vuto lililonse lazachuma kapena vuto lazachuma limapereka chilimbikitso champhamvu ku mgwirizano wa zachuma m'chigawo chifukwa onse ogwirizana pazachuma ayenera kukhala limodzi kuti athane ndi mavuto akunja. Pakadali pano, dziko lapansi likukumana ndi vuto la mliri wa COVID-19 ndipo silinatuluke muvuto la zachuma padziko lonse lapansi. Pachifukwa ichi, kulimbitsa mgwirizano wapakati pa chigawo ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri." "Tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mwayi womwe uli m'misika yayikulu yomwe RCEP ikugwira, makamaka popeza ili ndi dera lomwe likukula mwachangu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso lomwe likukula kwambiri," adatero Zhang.