Imadziwikanso kuti dimethyl tiphenylamine, yopanda mtundu mpaka kuwala yachikasu yamafuta amadzimadzi, okhala ndi fungo lamphamvu, oxidize mosavuta mumlengalenga kapena pansi padzuwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito ze mdima. Relative density (20 ℃ / 4 ℃) 0.9555, freezing point 2.0 ℃, boiling point 193 ℃, flash point (opening) 77 ℃, flash point 317 ℃, viscosity (25 ℃) 1.528mpa-4,528D index . Kusungunuka mu Mowa, etha, chloroform, benzene ndi zina zosungunulira organic. Zosungunuka m'magulu osiyanasiyana a organic. Zosungunuka pang'ono m'madzi. Imatha kuyaka ndipo imayaka ngati lawi lotseguka. Mpweya ndi mpweya zimapanga chisakanizo chophulika ndi malire ophulika a 1.2% ~ 7.0% (vol). Ndiwowopsa kwambiri, ndipo mpweya wapoizoni wa aniline umatulutsidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwamphamvu kwa kutentha. Imatha kuyamwa pakhungu ndikuyambitsa poizoni, LD501410mg/kg, kuchuluka kovomerezeka mumlengalenga ndi 5mg/m3.

Njira yosungira

1.Kusamala Kosungirako[25] Sungani m'nkhokwe yozizirira bwino, yolowera mpweya wabwino. Khalani kutali ndi gwero la moto ndi kutentha. Sungani chidebe chosindikizidwa. Iyenera kusungidwa mosiyana ndi ma asidi, ma halojeni, ndi mankhwala odyedwa, osasakanizidwa. Zokhala ndi mitundu yofananira komanso kuchuluka kwa zida zozimitsa moto. Malo osungiramo zinthu ayenera kukhala ndi zida zochizira mwadzidzidzi zomwe zatuluka komanso zida zoyenera zogonamo.

2. Tengani ng'oma yachitsulo yosindikizidwa, 180kg pa ng'oma, ndipo sungani pamalo ozizira ndi mpweya wabwino. Sungani ndi kunyamula motsatira malamulo a zinthu zoyaka ndi poizoni.

kaphatikizidwe njira

1. Zimatengedwa ndi zomwe zimachitika pakati pa aniline ndi methanol pamaso pa sulfuric acid pa kutentha kwakukulu komanso kuthamanga kwambiri. Njira yoyenda: 1. 790kg wa aniline, 625kg wa methanol, 85kg sulfuric acid (ammonium 100%) amawonjezedwa mu anachita ketulo, kutentha kutentha 210-215 ℃, kuthamanga 3.1MPa, anachita kwa 4h, ndiye kumasula kupanikizika, zinthu zimatulutsidwa ku olekanitsa, neutralized ndi 30% sodium hydroxide, static, ndi m'munsi quaternary ammonium mchere wolekanitsidwa. Ndiye pa 160 ℃, 0.7-0.9MPa hydrolysis anachita kwa 3h, mankhwala hydrolysis ndi chapamwamba wosanjikiza wa zipangizo wochuluka pamodzi ndi kutsuka pambuyo zingalowe distillation wa yomalizidwa mankhwala.

2. Pogwiritsa ntchito methanol ndi aniline ngati zopangira, amapangidwa ndi chothandizira cha alumina pansi pa chikhalidwe cha 200-250 ℃ ndi methanol owonjezera ndi mphamvu ya mumlengalenga. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopangira: aniline 790kg/t, methanol 625kg/t, sulfuric acid 85kg/t. Kukonzekera kwa labotale kumatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi aniline ndi trimethyl phosphate.

3, aniline ndi methanol wothira (n aniline: n methanol ≈ 1: 3), ndi kudzera reciprocating sanali zimachitika metering mpope jekeseni pa 0.5h-1 mpweya liwiro mu riyakitala okonzeka ndi chothandizira, zimene outflow choyamba mu galasi. olekanitsa mpweya wamadzimadzi, olekanitsa pansi pa madzi amasonkhanitsidwa pa intervals wokhazikika kuchotsedwa kwa chromatographic kusanthula.

Mu 2001, Nankai University ndi Tianjin Ruikai Technology Development Co., Ltd. mogwirizana anapanga aniline methylation chothandizira kwambiri, ndipo anazindikira kaphatikizidwe ka mpweya wa N,N-dimethyl aniline. Njirayi ili motere: Aniline yamadzimadzi imasakanizidwa ndi methanol, imatenthedwa munsanja ya vaporization, ndiyeno imalowa mu chubu cha tubular ndi liwiro la mpweya wa 0.5-1.0h-1 (bedi lokhazikika la riyakitala la tubula lili ndi nano yodzaza. -chothandizira cholimba), ndipo chimapangidwa mosalekeza pa 250-300 ℃ pansi pa kupanikizika kwamlengalenga, ndi zokolola za DMA zopitirira 96%.

Njira yoyenga: Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zonyansa monga aniline ndi N-methyl aniline. N,N-dimethylaniline imasungunuka mu 40% sulfuric acid ndipo imasungunulidwa ndi mpweya wamadzi. Sodium hydroxide imawonjezeredwa kuti ikhale yamchere. The distillation anapitiriza ndi madzi nthunzi. The distillate anapatukana mu amadzimadzi zigawo ndi zouma ndi potaziyamu hydroxide. Normal kuthamanga distillation ikuchitika pamaso pa acetic anhydride. The distillate osambitsidwa ndi madzi kuchotsa kuda acetic anhydride, zouma ndi potaziyamu hydroxide, kenako barium okusayidi, ndipo distilled pansi pa kupanikizika kuchepetsedwa pamaso pa mtsinje wa asafe. Njira zina zoyeretsera distillate zimaphatikizapo kuwonjezera 10% acetic anhydride ndi refluxing kwa maola angapo kuchotsa amines oyambirira ndi apamwamba. Pambuyo pozizira, 20% ya hydrochloric acid imawonjezeredwa ndikuchotsedwa ndi ether. The hydrochloric acid wosanjikiza ndi zamchere ndi zamchere kenako yotengedwa ndi etere, ndi wosanjikiza etha zouma ndi potaziyamu hydroxide ndi distilled pansi pa kupanikizika kuchepetsedwa pansi pa mtsinje wa asafe. N, N-dimethylaniline imathanso kusinthidwa kukhala mchere wa picric acid, wopangidwanso kuti ukhale wosungunuka nthawi zonse ndikuwonongeka ndi madzi otentha a 10% amadzimadzi a sodium hydroxide. Kenaka amachotsedwa ndi ether, kutsukidwa ndi kuumitsa, ndi kusungunulidwa pansi pa kupanikizika kochepa.

5. Aniline, methanol ndi sulfuric asidi wothira mulingo, condensation anachita mu autoclave, zimene mankhwala ndi kuthamanga mpumulo kuchira methanol, kuwonjezera zamchere neutralization, kulekana ndiyeno distillation ndi kuchepetsa kuthamanga kupeza mankhwala.

6. N, N-dimethylaniline ikhoza kupangidwa ndi methylation reaction ya aniline ndi trimethyl phosphate, kenako imachotsedwa ndi ether, zouma ndi zosungunuka.

7. N,N-dimethylaniline ikhoza kupangidwa pa bedi lothandizira la Ziegler chothandizira mu copper-manganese system kapena copper-zinc-chromium system pa 280 ℃ ndi kusakaniza kwa aniline ndi methanol pa chiŵerengero cha 1: 3.5. N,N-dimethylaniline yomwe idapezedwa idasonkhanitsidwa pa 193-195 ℃ pa chipangizo cha 54-tab column distillation ndikulongedza m'mabotolo agalasi abulauni. Pokonzekera koyera N,N-dimethylaniline, N,N-dimethylaniline akhoza kubayidwa ndi mpweya wa nayitrogeni monga mpweya wonyamulira mu chromatograph ya gasi yokonzekera yomwe ili ndi chitsulo cha phosphate.

The waukulu ntchito

1. Ndi imodzi mwazopangira zopangira zopangira mchere wopangidwa ndi mchere (triphenylmethane dyestuff, etc.) ndi utoto wa alkali. 2. Ntchito monga zosungunulira, zitsulo zosungira, kuchiritsa wothandizila kwa epoxy utomoni, kuchiritsa accelerant kwa poliyesitala utomoni, co-chothandizira polymerization wa mankhwala ethylene, etc. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonzekera zamchere triphenylmethane utoto, azo utoto ndi vanillin, etc. 3. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga utoto wa alkaline triphenylmethane, azo dyes ndi vanillin, etc. 3. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira popanga thovu la polyurethane mogwirizana ndi mankhwala a organotin. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chothandizira popanga thovu la polyurethane komanso ngati zopangira zopangira mphira vulcanization wolimbikitsa, zophulika ndi mankhwala. N,N-Dimethylaniline amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani opanga mankhwala kuti apange cephalosporin V, sulfamethoxine N-methoxypyrimidine, sulfamethoxine o-dimethoxypyrimidine, fluorosporine, ndi zina zotero. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamakampani onunkhira kuti apange vanillin. 4. Ntchito ngati machiritso accelerator kwa epoxy utomoni, poliyesitala utomoni ndi anaerobic guluu, kuti anaerobic guluu kulimba mwamsanga. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zosungunulira, co-catalyst for polymerization of ethylene compounds, zitsulo zosungiramo zitsulo, ultraviolet absorber zodzoladzola, photosensitizer, etc. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito monga chothandizira kupanga utoto wa alkaline, amamwaza utoto, utoto wa asidi, utoto wosungunuka wamafuta ndi zonunkhira (vanillin), ndi zina. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zopangira zopangira utoto wamchere, utoto wobalalika, utoto wa asidi, utoto wosungunuka ndi mafuta ndi zonunkhira (vanillin), ndi zina. amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati reagent pakutsimikiza kwa photometric ya nitrite. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zosungunulira, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu organic synthesis.6. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati intermediates utoto, solvents, stabilizers, analytical reagents. [26]