MIT-Ivy Industry ndi bizinesi yapakatikati yamankhwala ndi mankhwala kuphatikiza kupanga, malonda ndi kafukufuku wasayansi.Ndi zida zapamwamba zopangira ndiukadaulo wopanga, timasunga ubale wabwino ndi mabungwe ofufuza zasayansi ndi mayunivesite akulu ndi apakatikati. Timagwira ntchito yopanga ndi kugulitsa mitundu ingapo yamankhwala, makamaka pochiza anti-AIDS, mtima ndi cerebrovascular mankhwala, komanso kuthandizira pakati pa anti-inflammatory drugs. The product of sodium azide, triphenyl chloromethane, L- valine methyl ester hydrochloride amagulitsidwa kunyumba ndi kunja.1. Kuyamba kwa mankhwala apakatikati Mankhwala apakati amatanthauza zinthu zapakatikati monga zopangira, zida ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala.M'malo mwake, ndi zinthu zina zopangira mankhwala kapena mankhwala omwe amapangidwa popanga mankhwala. ndi mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito ayenera kuvomereza chiphaso cha GMP. Mankhwala apakatikati, ngakhale amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala, kwenikweni ndi kaphatikizidwe ndi kupanga kwa zinthu zopangira mankhwala. Ndiwo zinthu zofunika kwambiri komanso zapansi pazitsulo zopangira mankhwala ndipo sizingatchulidwe kuti ndi mankhwala, kotero kuti chiphaso cha GMP sichifunikanso.Mapharmaceutical intermediates amatha kupangidwa muzomera za mankhwala wamba ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mankhwala pamagulu ena. imachepetsanso zolowera m'makampani opanga opanga apakati.Chithunzi2. Kuchulukitsa kwamakampani opanga mankhwala ndi kusintha kwa mafakitale, kusamutsa kumayiko ena komanso kukonzanso kwa magawo apadziko lonse lapansi amakampani akuluakulu opanga mankhwala, China yakhala gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakupanga gawo lapadziko lonse lapansi lazantchito zamakampani azamankhwala. Malinga ndi kafukufukuyu. Report on Development of China Pharmaceutical Intermediates Industry (2016), kuyambira 2011 mpaka 2015, China mankhwala intermediates makampani ndi okwana linanena bungwe mtengo chaka ndi chaka, ndi pawiri pachaka kukula mlingo wa pafupifupi 13.5%. Pakati pawo, okwana linanena bungwe mtengo. wa intermediates mankhwala ku China anafika 422.56 biliyoni yuan mu 2015, kuwonjezeka kwa 9.88% chaka pa year.Industry linanena bungwe linafika matani 17.2 miliyoni, mpaka 10,26 peresenti chaka pa year.The linanena bungwe mtengo wa intermediates mankhwala makampani China adzakhala pafupi thililiyoni imodzi yuan pofika 2020. Chithunzi3. Makhalidwe a mafakitale a intermediates mankhwalaMakampani akufunika kukhathamiritsa ndi kukweza mwachangu: Mulingo wonse waukadaulo waku China udakali wocheperako, ndipo pali mabizinesi ochepa omwe akupanga mitundu yambiri yamankhwala apamwamba komanso othandizira apakatikati amankhwala ovomerezeka, omwe akukula. siteji ya kukhathamiritsa kwa kapangidwe kazinthu ndi kukweza.Ndi mabizinesi ena okha omwe ali ndi kafukufuku wamphamvu komanso mphamvu zachitukuko, malo opangira zotsogola komanso luso lalikulu la kupanga atha kupeza phindu lalikulu mumpikisano. bizinesi chitsanzo. Pansi pa chitsanzo chopanga makonda, mgwirizano wa mgwirizano pakati pa makasitomala akuluakulu ndi ogulitsa umakhala wokhazikika, ndipo mgwirizano umakhala wolimba, umakhala wodalirika kwambiri, ndipo magulu a mgwirizano woperekedwa ndi makasitomala akuluakulu adzakhala. Zimatenga nthawi yaitali kuti zisinthe. ogulitsa. Choncho, monga bizinesi ndi kukakamira amphamvu, mankhwala intermediates makampani mabizinezi makamaka kuganizira odziwika mabizinesi akunja mankhwala pa panopa stage.Kamodzi kampani analowa pachimake katundu dongosolo la zimphona mankhwala, onse sikelo kupanga ndi phindu kotheratu anakhalabe a boma lokhazikika.Low-mapeto kutumiza makamaka: madera akuluakulu katundu intermediates mankhwala ku China ndi EU, North America, Middle East, Asia Southeast, etc.Kutumiza kunja kwa dziko lathu makamaka anaika vitamini C, penicillin, acetaminophen, citric acid. ndi mchere wake ndi esters, monga katundu, makhalidwe a mankhwala ndi kupanga mankhwala, mabizinezi kupanga, mpikisano msika kwambiri, mtengo mtengo ndi mtengo anawonjezera ndi otsika, kupanga misa iwo anachititsa zoweta mankhwala intermediates msika oversupply zinthu. Zamakono zamakono akadali makamaka imported.Mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi sing'anga: mabizinezi kupanga ndi makamaka mabizinezi payekha, kusintha ntchito, ndalama sikelo si lalikulu, makamaka pakati pa mamiliyoni khumi kapena makumi awiri miliyoni yuan.Regional ndende: kugawa dera la mabizinesi kupanga ndi moikirapo, kuzungulira angapo mafakitale akuluakulu mankhwala, makamaka anagawira Taizhou, Zhejiang ndi Jintan, Jiangsu pakati dera. Zhejiang Huangyan, Taizhou, Nanjing Jintan, Shijiazhuang, Jinan (kuphatikizapo Zibo), kumpoto chakum'mawa (Siping, Fushun ) ndi madera ena omwe ali ndi zikhalidwe zabwino zopangira mankhwala opangira mankhwala apangidwa makamaka mofulumira.Kusintha kwa mankhwala ofulumira: chinthu nthawi zambiri chimakhala pamsika zaka 3 mpaka 5 pambuyo pake, phindu lake lidzatsika kwambiri, zomwe zimakakamiza mabizinesi kuti azipanga zatsopano. kapena kupititsa patsogolo nthawi zonse kupanga, kuti mukhalebe ndi phindu lalikulu.Mpikisano waukulu: chifukwa phindu la kupanga mankhwala opangira mankhwala ndi apamwamba kuposa mankhwala a mankhwala, ndipo kupanga kwa awiriwa kumakhala kofanana, kocheperako. makampani opanga mankhwala amalowa nawo kupanga mankhwala apakatikati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mpikisano wovuta kwambiri pamakampani.4. Mitundu ya intermediates mankhwalaPali mitundu yambiri ya intermediates mankhwala, kuphatikizapo cephalosporin intermediates, amino acid chitetezo mndandanda, intermediates vitamini, quinolone intermediates, ndi mitundu ina ya intermediates, monga mankhwala opha tizilombo intermediates, antiepileptic mankhwala intermediates, fluoropyridine intermediates, pharmaceuticals etc. .Malinga ndi minda yawo yogwiritsira ntchito, amatha kugawidwa kukhala mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, antipyretic ndi analgesic drug intermediates, cardiovascular system drug intermediates, anti-cancer drug intermediates ndi zina zotero.Pakali pano, pali pafupifupi mazana a mankhwala ophatikizirapo mankhwala, ndipo nthawi zonse. innovate, kupanga ambiri abwino maselo maselo mu mankhwala intermediates industry.There mitundu yambiri yeniyeni mankhwala intermediates.Monga imidazole, furan, phenolic intermediates, onunkhira intermediates, pyrrole, pyridine, biochemical reagents, sulfure, nayitrogeni, haterocyclic mankhwala, heterocyclic mankhwala, , microcrystalline mapadi, wowuma, mannitol, lactose, dextrin, ethylene glycol, ufa shuga, mchere mchere, Mowa intermediates, asidi stearic, amino acid ndi Mowa amine mchere, sylvite, sodium mchere ndi zina intermediates ndi zina zotero.Chithunzi5. Patent CliffKuyambira 2000, msika wapadziko lonse lapansi wamankhwala opangira ma generic ukupitilira kukula mwachangu kuposa msika wonse wamankhwala, ukukula kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa mankhwala ovomerezeka. msika wamankhwala kuyambira 2005 mpaka 2013 ukuyembekezeka kufika 14.7%.Msika wapadziko lonse wamankhwala opangira ma generic ukuyembekezeka kukula ndi 10% mpaka 14% pazaka zisanu zikubwerazi, mwachangu kwambiri kuposa momwe akuyembekezeredwa 4% mpaka 6% pamakampani onse opanga mankhwala. Zitha kuganiziridwa kuti kutukuka kwa msika wamankhwala amtundu uliwonse kudzalimbikitsa chitukuko chamakampani apakatikati azamankhwala.Kuyambira 2010 mpaka 2020, msika wapadziko lonse wamankhwala udzabweretsa kutha kwa Patent, komwe, kuyambira 2013 mpaka 2020, Mitundu yapadziko lonse ya Patent yotha ntchito idzakhala yoposa 200 chaka chilichonse, yomwe imadziwika kuti "Patent Cliff" padziko lonse lapansi. mankhwala ovomerezeka okwana 326 atha ntchito. 2010 ndi 2017 ndi zaka ziwiri pachimake, ndi 205 ndi 242 patent mankhwala kutha motsatana. Mankhwala otha ntchito makamaka odana ndi matenda, endocrine, mitsempha ndi mankhwala amtima, ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa msika.Kutha kwakukulu kwa mankhwala ovomerezeka akunja kudzabweretsa zowonjezera zatsopano ku makampani opanga mankhwala ku China.Chifukwa pambuyo pa kutha kwa patent. mankhwala, kupanga mankhwala okhudzana ndi generic kudzaphulika, zomwe zidzayendetsa kukula kwachangu kwa kufunikira kwa mankhwala okhudzana ndi mankhwala. Environmental pressureChina ndi kale katundu wamkulu wa API intermediates, komanso lalikulu polluter.Pharmaceutical wapakatikati opanga ndi zabwino mankhwala makampani, padzakhala lolingana kuipitsa risk.According ndi ziwerengero za Unduna wa Zachitetezo cha chilengedwe, okwana linanena bungwe mtengo wa Makampani opanga mankhwala apakhomo ndi osakwana 3 peresenti ya GDP ya dziko, koma kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa kumafika pa 6 peresenti. Pakati pa mitundu yonse ya mankhwala, API yomwe imayimiridwa makamaka ndi mavitamini ndi penicillin ndi ya makampani owononga kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimaipitsa mpweya ndi madzi makamaka seriously.Mogwirizana ndi kutumizidwa ogwirizana kwa Unduna wa Chitetezo cha chilengedwe, pa February 15, 2017, gulu lapadera loyang'anira khalidwe la mpweya m'gawo loyamba la 2017 linalengeza kuti kukakamiza ku Shijiazhuang sikunali. m'malo mwake, ndipo boma lachigawo chachigawo chikadali chokhazikitsidwa ndi ogwira ntchito ku Environmental Protection Bureau pokwaniritsa dongosolo ladzidzidzi lowononga nyengo, pomwe madipatimenti ena sanachite nawo gawo lalikulu.Kuipitsa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati kupanga intermediates mankhwala mu Shijiazhuang ndi serious.Pharmaceutical mabizinezi ndi luso m'mbuyo adzakhala ndi mkulu kuwononga ndalama kuwononga ndi kukakamiza malamulo, ndi chikhalidwe mabizinezi mankhwala makamaka kubala kuipitsidwa mkulu, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwambiri ndi otsika mtengo-owonjezera mankhwala (monga penicillin, mavitamini, etc. ) adzayang'anizana ndi kuthamangitsidwa.Kutsatira njira zatsopano komanso kupanga ukadaulo wamankhwala obiriwira kwakhala tsogolo lachitukuko chamakampani opanga mankhwala.
7. Atsogoleri amakampani
makampani a mit-ivy
Malingaliro a kampani Zhejiang NHU Company Ltd.Plo Co., Ltd
Lianhe Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.Anhui Bayi Chemical Co. Ltd.,Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical Co. Malingaliro a kampani Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.