Pambuyo pa zaka pafupifupi zana za chitukuko, makampani opanga mankhwala ku China akhala dziko lomwe likukula mofulumira kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kuzungulira kwa mafakitale kuposa Europe, United States ndi Japan ndi South Korea kuzungulira kwa makampani opanga mankhwala kwafupikitsidwa kwambiri, komwe ku Europe ndi United States ndi mayiko ena kumafunika zaka makumi ambiri kuti afike pamlingo waukulu, makampani opanga mankhwala ku China ndi zaka zochepa chabe zatha. Kusiyana kwake ndikuti pambuyo pa gawo lalikulu la makampani opanga mankhwala ku Europe ndi United States, chiwerengero cha mankhwala abwino omwe amathandizidwa ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba chawonjezeka kwambiri, pomwe ku China, chifukwa cha chitukuko chochepa cha ukadaulo, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala abwino pamsika kwakula pang'onopang'ono.

Akukhulupirira kuti m'zaka 5-10 zikubwerazi, njira yayikulu yopangira mankhwala ku China idzatha, ndipo njira yopangira mankhwala abwino idzafulumira. Pakadali pano, pali mabungwe ambiri ofufuza m'dziko muno, makamaka omwe amagwirizana ndi mabizinesi otsogola, omwe akuwonjezera ndalama mu kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha mankhwala abwino.

Pofuna kutsogolera chitukuko cha mankhwala abwino aku China, Pingtou Brother anafotokoza mwachidule mfundo zotsatirazi, choyamba, kugwiritsa ntchito ma hydrocarbon otsika mpweya ngati zinthu zopangira kafukufuku wozama, pansi pa mtsinje kuyang'ana kwambiri pa mankhwala osakaniza, mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi madera ena. Chachiwiri, pakugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ma hydrocarbon a polycarbon, pansi pa zipangizo zamakono zapamwamba, othandizira ndi madera ena; Chachitatu, pakulekanitsa ndi kuyeretsa zipangizo zopangira ma hydrocarbon okwera mpweya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, pansi pa madera a ma surfactants ndi ma plasticizers.

Poganizira za mtengo, kukulitsa mafakitale a mankhwala abwino a zinthu zopangira mpweya wochepa ndiyo njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yopangira ndi kufufuza pakali pano. Pakadali pano, mabungwe angapo ofufuza za sayansi ku China akukulitsa kafukufuku wa ma hydrocarbons otsika mpweya mu mankhwala abwino. Zogulitsa zomwe zimayimira ndi kukulitsa kwa mankhwala abwino a unyolo wa mafakitale a isobutylene ndi kukulitsa kwa mankhwala abwino a unyolo wa mafakitale a aniline.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku woyambirira, unyolo wa mafakitale wokhala ndi mankhwala opitilira 50 abwino omwe ali pansi pa isobutylene yoyera kwambiri wakulitsidwa, ndipo unyolo wa mafakitale wokhala ndi zinthu zotsika uli ndi chiwongola dzanja chokwera. Pali mitundu yopitilira 60 ya mankhwala osalala omwe ali pansi pa unyolo wa mafakitale a aniline, ndi njira zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito pansi pa unyolo.

Pakadali pano, aniline imapangidwa makamaka ndi catalytic hydrogenation ya nitrobenzene, yomwe ndi kupanga hydrogenation ya nitric acid, hydrogen ndi benzene yoyera ngati zopangira. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa MDI, othandizira a rabara, utoto ndi mankhwala ophatikizika, zowonjezera zamafuta ndi zina. Benzene yoyera m'mabizinesi opanga mankhwala oyenga ndi mankhwala sangasakanizidwe ndi zinthu zamafuta, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kukulitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito unyolo wa mafakitale otsika wa benzene yoyera, ndipo yakhala malo ofunikira kwambiri pamakampani ofufuza ndi chitukuko cha mankhwala.

Malinga ndi mafakitale osiyanasiyana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zotsika za aniline, ikhoza kugawidwa m'mafakitale otsatirawa: Choyamba, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zolimbikitsira rabara ndi ma antioxidants kungagawidwe m'magulu asanu, omwe ndi p-amino-diphenylamine, hydroquinone, diphenylamine, cyclohexylamine ndi dicyclohexylamine. Zambiri mwa zinthuzi za aniline zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale a antioxidants a rabara, monga p-amino-diphenylamine imatha kupanga ma antioxidants 4050, 688, 8PPD, 3100D ndi zina zotero.

Mu gawo la accelerator ya rabara ndi kugwiritsa ntchito antioxidant, aniline yomwe ili pansi pa rabara ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito, yomwe imapanga pafupifupi 11% ya aniline yonse yomwe ili pansi pa rabara, zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimayimira ndi p-amino-diphenylamine ndi hydroquinone.

Pakati pa mankhwala a diazo, pogwiritsa ntchito aniline ndi nitrate ndi zinthu zina, zinthu zomwe zingapangidwe ndi p-amino-azobenzene hydrochloride, p-hydroxyaniline, p-hydroxyabenzene, phenylhydrazine, fluorobenzene ndi zina zotero. Zinthuzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo a utoto, mankhwala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Zinthu zomwe zimayimira izi ndi izi: p-amino-azobenzene hydrochloride, yomwe ndi utoto wa azo wopangidwa, utoto wa hose, utoto wofalikira, komanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga utoto ndi utoto komanso ngati chizindikiro. P-hydroxyaniline imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga sulfur blue FBG, weak acid bright yellow 5G ndi utoto wina, kupanga paracetamol, antamine ndi mankhwala ena, komanso imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga opanga, ma antioxidants ndi zina zotero.

Malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, pakadali pano, mankhwala a aniline omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani opanga utoto ku China ndi ambiri mwa iwo ndi p-amino-azobenzene hydrochloride ndi p-hydroxyaniline, zomwe zimapangitsa pafupifupi 1% ya momwe aniline imagwiritsidwira ntchito, yomwe ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala a nayitrogeni m'malo otsika a aniline, komanso ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yofufuzira zaukadaulo wamakampani.

Ntchito ina yofunika kwambiri ya aniline ndi kuyika halogenation ya aniline, monga kupanga p-iodoaniline, o-chloroaniline, 2.4.6-trichloroaniline, n-acetoacetanilide, n-formylaniline, phenylurea, bisphenylurea, phenylthiourea ndi zinthu zina. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu za aniline halogenation, zikuyerekezeredwa kuti pali mitundu pafupifupi 20, yomwe yakhalanso njira yofunika kwambiri pakukulitsa unyolo wa makampani a mankhwala a aniline.

Zinthu zomwe zili pansi pake zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito aniline halogenation, monga o-chloraniline, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga sulfur blue FBG, weak acid bright yellow 5G dyes, kupanga paracetamol, antamine ndi mankhwala ena, komanso kupanga opanga, ma antioxidants ndi zina zotero. Diphenyl thiourea imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma vulcanization accelerators, ma vulcanization capsules, ma water tayars, waya ndi chingwe, komanso mankhwala ndi ma dye intermediates. N-acetoacetanilide imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga sulfonamides, ma analgesics, antipyretic ice ndi zosungira, komanso rabara vulcanization accelerator.

Malinga ndi kuwunika kosakwanira, chiwerengero cha mankhwala a aniline opangidwa ndi halogenated pansi pa mtsinje chimapanga pafupifupi 40% ya kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a aniline pansi pa mtsinje, koma mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo apamwamba, ndipo sikokwanira. Ndi chitukuko champhamvu cha gawo la mankhwala, kafukufuku waukadaulo wa aniline halogenation wakhalanso njira yofunika kwambiri yopititsira patsogolo kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo ku China.

Chinthu china chofunika kwambiri chomwe chimachitika ndi aniline ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwala, monga aniline ndi hydrogen kuti apange cyclohexane, aniline ndi sulfuric acid yokhazikika komanso soda ash kuti apange dicyclohexane, aniline ndi sulfuric acid ndi sulfure trioxide kuti apange p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid. Mtundu uwu wa mankhwala umafuna zinthu zambiri zothandizira, ndipo chiwerengero cha zinthu zomwe zili pansi pake si chachikulu, ndipo akuti pali zinthu pafupifupi zisanu. 

Pakati pawo, monga p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, kupanga utoto wa azo, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati reagent yowunikira, reagent yoyesera ndi reagent yowunikira chromatographic, ndipo zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuti tipewe matenda a dzimbiri la tirigu. Dicyclohexylamine, ndi kukonzekera kwa zinthu zosakaniza utoto, komanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amawononga dzimbiri la tirigu, komanso kukonzekera zonunkhira.

Mikhalidwe yochepetsera aniline ndi yovuta kwambiri, ndipo pakadali pano, China imayang'ana kwambiri mu labotale ndi gawo laling'ono lopanga, ndipo gawo logwiritsidwa ntchito ndi laling'ono kwambiri, lomwe silili njira yayikulu yowonjezerera unyolo wabwino wa aniline womwe uli pansi pake.

Kugwiritsa ntchito aniline ngati zopangira zowonjezerera unyolo wabwino wamakampani opanga mankhwala, pali arylation reaction, alkylation reaction, oxidation ndi nitrification reaction, cyclization reaction, aldehyde condensation reaction ndi complex combination reaction. Aniline imatha kutenga nawo mbali muzochita zambiri zamakemikolo, ndipo pali ntchito zambiri zotsatizana. Tipitiliza kuchita kusanthula kwina kwa izi, chonde tikuyembekezerani.