Makampani opanga mankhwala abwino ndi dzina lodziwika bwino lamakampani opanga mankhwala abwino, omwe amatchedwa "mankhwala abwino", ndipo zinthu zake zimatchedwanso mankhwala abwino kapena mankhwala apadera.

Wapakatikati wamakampani opanga mankhwala abwino ali kumapeto kwa mafakitale abwino. Ntchito yake yaikulu ndikupitiriza kupanga mankhwala abwino. Ntchito zake zapansi pamtsinje zikuphatikizapo: zipangizo zotentha zotentha, mapulasitiki apadera a uinjiniya, kusindikiza nsalu ndi zida zothandizira, mankhwala achikopa, ma polima apamwamba kwambiri ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, utoto wogwira ntchito, etc.

Makampani apakatikati amakampani opanga mankhwala amazindikiridwa ndi kafukufuku wachangu komanso chitukuko, masikelo otsika amtundu umodzi, komanso kulumikizana kwamphamvu kwaukadaulo wopanga wazinthu zokhudzana.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro a chitukuko cham'mbuyomu chamakampani, kugwiritsa ntchito kunsi kwa zinthu zapakatikati kumatsimikiziridwa, kuthamanga kwa msika kudzakhala kofulumira kwambiri.

Chifukwa cha ukadaulo wovuta kupanga, njira yayitali komanso kufulumira kusinthika kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala ndi zinthu zina zabwino zamankhwala, palibe bizinesi yomwe ingasungire phindu lachibale pakukula konse, kupanga ndi kugulitsa.

Makampani apadziko lonse lapansi amapezerapo mwayi pazachuma zapadziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa ndalama, kuyikanso, kusinthika, chuma chamakampani, kuyika chidwi chachikulu pakufufuza ndi chitukuko ndi kugulitsa, ndikusamutsa makampani opanga mafakitale kupita kumayiko omwe ali ndi phindu lamtengo wapatali komanso ukadaulo. maziko, monga China, India kenako opangidwa m'mayikowa kuganizira intermediates kupanga mabizinesi.

Kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha mafakitale, China ikanatha kupanga zinthu zingapo zapakatikati, ndipo zotulukapo sizingakwaniritse zosowa zapakhomo.

Monga mkhalidwe wa makampani abwino mankhwala m'zaka zaposachedwapa wakhala thandizo amphamvu, kuchokera kafukufuku sayansi ndi chitukuko kupanga ndi malonda a makampani wapakatikati China wapanga ya dongosolo ndi wathunthu, akhoza kupanga mankhwala apakatikati monga mankhwala intermediates, utoto. intermediates, mankhwala intermediates 36 magulu okwana oposa 40000 mitundu ya mankhwala wapakatikati, kuwonjezera kukumana zofuna zapakhomo, ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha katundu ku dziko m'mayiko oposa 30 ndi zigawo.

China pachaka katundu wa intermediates kuposa matani 5 miliyoni, wakhala waukulu padziko wapakatikati kupanga ndi kutumiza kunja.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, China ndi utoto intermediates makampani zakula mofulumira, ndipo wakhala padziko lonse sewerolo wa intermediates utoto, kutsogolera chuma, kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa unyolo mafakitale, katundu ndi zoyendera, zipangizo kuteteza chilengedwe ndi mbali zina, ndi mkulu msika kukhwima. .

Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chilengedwe, opanga ambiri ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati sangathe kusungirako kupanga ndi ntchito yabwino chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu zowononga zowonongeka, ndipo nthawi zonse amaletsa kupanga, kusiya kupanga kapena kutseka kwathunthu. Mpikisano wa msika pang'onopang'ono umasintha kuchoka ku mpikisano wosalongosoka kupita kwa opanga apamwamba apamwamba.

Mchitidwe wophatikizana ndi mafakitale ukuwonekera pamakampani. Mabizinesi akuluakulu opangira utoto pang'onopang'ono amafikira kumakampani opangira utoto wapakatikati, pomwe mabizinesi akuluakulu opangira utoto amafikira kumtunda wapakatikati.

Kuonjezera apo, mitundu yapakati ya utoto imaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri, opanga ambiri ali ndi zinthu zawo zapadera zapakatikati, ngati pali luso lamakono lopangira mankhwala mumtundu umodzi, mphamvu yokambirana mu malonda pa chinthu chimodzi ikhoza kuwonjezeka kwambiri.

Oyendetsa mafakitale

(1) mwayi waukulu kusamutsa makampani abwino mankhwala padziko lonse
Ndi kukonzanso kosalekeza kwa magawo a ntchito zamafakitale padziko lapansi, mndandanda wamakampani opanga mankhwala opangira mankhwala wawonekeranso gawo la magawo a ntchito.
Ukadaulo wabwino wamakampani opanga mankhwala, ulalo wautali, zosintha mwachangu, ngakhale makampani akuluakulu apadziko lonse lapansi sangathe kuchita bwino kafukufuku ndi chitukuko ndi kupanga umisiri wonse ndi ulalo, chifukwa chake, ambiri mwazinthu zabwino zamabizinesi opanga mabizinesi akuwongolera kuchokera ku "m'malo mwa" pang'onopang'ono. kuti "zing'ono koma zabwino", yesetsani longitudinal kuzama udindo wake mu unyolo makampani.
Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya likulu, imayang'ana kwambiri mpikisano wamkati, kuwongolera liwiro la msika, kukhathamiritsa kugawika kwazinthu komanso makampani akuluakulu azamankhwala kuti akhazikitsenso, kasinthidwe, chuma chamakampani, chizikhala cholinga chazogulitsa. njira kuyang'ana pa kafukufuku womaliza mankhwala ndi chitukuko msika, ndi kupanga maulalo mmodzi kapena angapo patsogolo kwambiri, kuyerekeza mwayi wabwino mankhwala wapakatikati mankhwala kupanga ogwira ntchito.

Kusamutsidwa kwa makampani opanga mankhwala abwino padziko lonse lapansi kwabweretsa mwayi waukulu wopititsa patsogolo makampani opanga mankhwala apakati ku China.

(2) Thandizo lamphamvu kuchokera ku ndondomeko zamakampani a dziko
China nthawi zonse yakhala ikugwirizana kwambiri ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale abwino a mankhwala.Buku la Guideline for Industrial Restructuring (kope la 2011) (Amendment) loperekedwa ndi National Development and Reform Commission pa February 16, 2013 linatchula kupanga koyeretsa kwa utoto ndi utoto kuti ukhale pakati. matekinoloje olimbikitsidwa ndi boma.
"Zosankha zowopsa kwambiri komanso zotsatira zake pakukonza" zidati "kugwiritsa ntchito zoyeretsa ndi ukadaulo wina wapamwamba kukweza zida zomwe zidalipo, kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono, kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya, kupititsa patsogolo mpikisano wokwanira komanso luso lachitukuko" ndi "kulimbikitsa utoto ndi zapakati paukadaulo wopanga utoto komanso zotsogola" zinyalala zitatu "kafukufuku waukadaulo wamankhwala ndi chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, kukonza ukadaulo wogwiritsa ntchito utoto ndikuthandizira, kukweza kuchuluka kwa ntchito mumakampani opanga utoto".
The fine chemical dyestuff intermediates industry of the company main business is a scous of national macro-industrial policy support, zomwe zimalimbikitsa chitukuko cha makampani mpaka kufika ponseponse.

(3) Makampani opanga mankhwala aku China ali ndi mwayi wopikisana kwambiri
Ndi kuwonjezereka kwa magawo apadziko lonse lapansi a ntchito ndi kusamutsidwa kwa mafakitale, poyerekeza ndi mayiko otukuka, mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene, makamaka China, awonetsa phindu lochulukirapo, kuphatikiza:
Phindu la mtengo wandalama: Pambuyo pazaka zachitukuko, China yapanga makina okhwima okhwima. Mtengo wogula zida za mankhwala, kukhazikitsa, zomanga ndi zina ndizotsika poyerekeza ndi mayiko otukuka.
Zopangira mtengo phindu: China chachikulu mankhwala zopangira akwaniritsa kudzidalira ndipo ngakhale zinthu mochulukirachulukira, angatsimikizire kotunga otsika mtengo zipangizo;
Phindu la mtengo wantchito: Poyerekeza ndi mayiko otukuka, ogwira ntchito ku r&d aku China komanso ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale amalipira kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mayiko otukuka.

(4) Miyezo yachitetezo cha chilengedwe ikukhala yolimba kwambiri ndipo mabizinesi akumbuyo akuthetsedwa
Malo abwino azachilengedwe ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira kuti chuma cha dziko chikhale chokhazikika. M'zaka zaposachedwa, boma laika patsogolo zofunika kwambiri pachitetezo cha chilengedwe komanso mfundo zokhwima zoteteza chilengedwe.
Madzi otayira, gasi wotayidwa ndi zinyalala zolimba zomwe zimapangidwa popanga mafakitale abwino kwambiri zimakhala ndi zotsatirapo zina pazachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, mabizinesi abwino opangira mankhwala amayenera kusamala zachitetezo cha chilengedwe, kuwongolera bwino kuipitsidwa komwe kulipo, ndikukhazikitsa mosamalitsa miyezo yoyenera yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Kusintha kwa zofunikira pachitetezo cha chilengedwe kumathandizira kuti makampani opanga mankhwala alimbikitse kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi chilengedwe, kupititsa patsogolo kupikisana kwazinthu, kuthetsa mabizinesi obwerera m'mbuyo, kuti apangitse mpikisano wadongosolo.