N,N-Dimethylformamide CAS 68-12-2
Chiyambi cha malonda
Dimethylformamide imatchedwa DMF. Ndi gulu lomwe gulu la hydroxyl la formic acid limasinthidwa ndi gulu la dimethylamino, ndi ndondomeko ya maselo HCON (CH3) 2. Ndi madzi otentha otentha opanda mtundu komanso owoneka bwino okhala ndi fungo lopepuka la amine komanso kachulukidwe ka 0.9445 (25 ℃). Malo osungunuka -61 ℃. Malo otentha 152.8 ℃. Flash point 57.78 ℃. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya 2.51. Kuthamanga kwa nthunzi 0.49kpa (3.7mmHg25 ℃). Autoignition point ndi 445 ℃. Kuphulika kwa malire a nthunzi ndi mpweya ndi 2.2 ~ 15.2%. Kuyaka ndi kutentha kwakukulu kungayambitse kuyaka ndi kuphulika. Imatha kuchita zachiwawa ndi sulfuric acid ndi fuming nitric acid komanso ngakhale kuphulika. Ndi miscible ndi madzi ndi zambiri organic solvents Chemicalbook. Ndi wamba zosungunulira kwa mankhwala zimachitikira. Dimethylformamide yoyera ilibe fungo, koma kalasi ya mafakitale kapena dimethylformamide yowonongeka imakhala ndi fungo la nsomba chifukwa imakhala ndi zonyansa za dimethylamine. Dzinali limachokera ku chakuti ndi dimethyl mmalo mwa formamide (amide ya formic acid), ndipo magulu onse a methyl ali pa atomu ya N (nitrogen). Dimethylformamide ndi polar (hydrophilic) aprotic solvent ndi malo otentha kwambiri, omwe angalimbikitse njira ya SN2 reaction. Dimethylformamide imapangidwa kuchokera ku formic acid ndi dimethylamine. Dimethylformamide ndi yosakhazikika (makamaka pa kutentha kwakukulu) pamaso pa maziko amphamvu monga sodium hydroxide kapena asidi amphamvu monga hydrochloric acid kapena sulfuric acid, ndi hydrolyzes ku formic acid ndi dimethylamine.
Imakhala yokhazikika mumlengalenga komanso ikatenthedwa mpaka kuwira. Kutentha kukakhala kopitilira 350 ° C, kumataya madzi ndikupanga carbon monoxide ndi dimethylamine. N,N-dimethylformamide ndi yabwino kwambiri aprotic polar zosungunulira zomwe zimatha kusungunula zinthu zambiri za organic ndi inorganic ndipo zimasakanikirana ndi madzi, ma alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketoni, esters, halogenated hydrocarbons ndi mafuta onunkhira a hydrocarbon. . Mapeto abwino a molekyulu ya N, N-dimethylformamide akuzunguliridwa ndi magulu a methyl, kupanga chotchinga cha Chemicalbook chotchinga chomwe chimalepheretsa ma ion kuti asayandikire ndikungogwirizanitsa ma ion abwino. Anion yopanda kanthu imakhala yogwira ntchito kwambiri kuposa anions osungunuka. Zochita zambiri za ayoni ndizosavuta kuchita mu N,N-dimethylformamide kuposa zosungunulira za protic. Mwachitsanzo, ma carboxylates ndi ma halogenated hydrocarbons amachita mu N,N-dimethylformamide pa kutentha kwapakati. , akhoza kupanga esters ndi zokolola zambiri, ndipo makamaka oyenera kaphatikizidwe wa sterically cholepheretsa esters.
Munda wofunsira
Dimethylformamide ndi madzi opanda mtundu komanso owoneka bwino. Sikuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala opangira mankhwala, komanso zosungunulira zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Dimethylformamide ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mankhwala, petrochemical, zikopa ndi mafakitale ena.
Kufotokozera za zomangamanga
N, N-Dimethylformamide
CAS 68-12-2
Nambala ya CB: CB2854115
Fomula ya maselo: C3H7NO
Kulemera kwa mamolekyu 73.09
Posungunuka: -61°C (lat.)
Kuzungulira kwapadera: 0.94º
Kuwira: 153°C (lit.)
Kachulukidwe: 0.944g/mL (lit.) V
apor Chemicalbook Vapor density: 2.5 (vsair)
Kuthamanga kwa nthunzi: 2.7mmHg (20°C) Refractive index: n20/D1.430(lit.)
Kuwala kwapakati: 136 °
Kusungirako ndi mayendedwe
Kulongedza: malinga ndi zomwe kasitomala amafuna
Kusungirako: Sungani pamalo owuma, amdima ndi mpweya wabwino.
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